HVDC-WISE Deliverable 7.4: Benefits and risks of HVDC-based solutions in real grid applications

Sarah Anhaus; Moritz Deitert; Hamza Gabbar; Willem Leterme; Lars Osterkamp; Simon Thams; Georgii Tishenin; Benchaib Abdelkrim; Nicolas Barla; Juan-Carlos Gonzalez; Ying Pang; Filipe Perez; Colin Foote; Callum MacIver; Michael Van der Straeten; Paul McNamara; Benjamin Paz; Ruiqi Li; Yaxing Ren; F. Benothman; Pieter Tielens; Keith Bell; Samuel Gordon; Ning Yang; Benjamin Marshall

doi:10.5281/zenodo.22939164

HVDC-WISE Deliverable 7.4: Benefits and risks of HVDC-based solutions in real grid applications

Sarah Anhaus
, Moritz Deitert
, Hamza Gabbar
, Willem Leterme
, Lars Osterkamp
, Simon Thams
, Georgii Tishenin
, Benchaib Abdelkrim
, Nicolas Barla
, Juan-Carlos Gonzalez
, Ying Pang
, Filipe Perez
, Colin Foote
, Callum MacIver
, Michael Van der Straeten
, Paul McNamara
, Benjamin Paz
, Ruiqi Li
, Yaxing Ren
, F. Benothman

Pieter Tielens, Keith Bell, Samuel Gordon, Ning Yang, Benjamin Marshall

Research output: Working paper/Preprint/Pre-registration › Working paper

Abstract

Future transmission systems will increasingly combine embedded point-to-point HVDC links withmulti-terminal DC grids. While these developments provide additional transmission capacity andcontrollability, they also change system operation, disturbance behaviour, control interactions, andprotection requirements. Their benefits and risks depend on the interaction between networktopology, operating conditions, converter control, protection, and the surrounding AC system, withrelevant phenomena spanning different time scales and modelling domains. This report consolidates the findings from the three HVDC-WISE use cases to identify commonbenefits, risks, trade-offs, and requirements for future hybrid AC/DC transmission systems. Theassessment combines planning and techno-economic studies with steady-state, dynamic,electromagnetic transient, real-time, and hardware-based investigations across different levels ofHVDC integration

Original language	English
Publisher	Zenodo
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22939164
Publication status	Published - 24 Sept 2026

Funding

European Commission HVDC-WISE - HVDC-based grid architectures for reliable and resilient WIdeSprEad hybrid AC/DC transmission systems 101075424 UK Research and Innovation HVDC-WISE: HVDC-based grid architectures for reliable and resilient WIdeSprEad hybrid AC/DC transmission systems 10051113

Keywords

HVDC
multi-terminal DC grids
HVDC protection
converter control
techno-economic analysis

Access to Document

10.5281/zenodo.22939164Licence: CC BY 4.0

Cite this

Anhaus, S., Deitert, M., Gabbar, H., Leterme, W., Osterkamp, L., Thams, S., Tishenin, G., Abdelkrim, B., Barla, N., Gonzalez, J.-C., Pang, Y., Perez, F., Foote, C., MacIver, C., Van der Straeten, M., McNamara, P., Paz, B., Li, R., Ren, Y., ... Marshall, B. (2026). HVDC-WISE Deliverable 7.4: Benefits and risks of HVDC-based solutions in real grid applications. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22939164

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title = "HVDC-WISE Deliverable 7.4: Benefits and risks of HVDC-based solutions in real grid applications",

abstract = "Future transmission systems will increasingly combine embedded point-to-point HVDC links withmulti-terminal DC grids. While these developments provide additional transmission capacity andcontrollability, they also change system operation, disturbance behaviour, control interactions, andprotection requirements. Their benefits and risks depend on the interaction between networktopology, operating conditions, converter control, protection, and the surrounding AC system, withrelevant phenomena spanning different time scales and modelling domains. This report consolidates the findings from the three HVDC-WISE use cases to identify commonbenefits, risks, trade-offs, and requirements for future hybrid AC/DC transmission systems. Theassessment combines planning and techno-economic studies with steady-state, dynamic,electromagnetic transient, real-time, and hardware-based investigations across different levels ofHVDC integration",

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author = "Sarah Anhaus and Moritz Deitert and Hamza Gabbar and Willem Leterme and Lars Osterkamp and Simon Thams and Georgii Tishenin and Benchaib Abdelkrim and Nicolas Barla and Juan-Carlos Gonzalez and Ying Pang and Filipe Perez and Colin Foote and Callum MacIver and \{Van der Straeten\}, Michael and Paul McNamara and Benjamin Paz and Ruiqi Li and Yaxing Ren and F. Benothman and Pieter Tielens and Keith Bell and Samuel Gordon and Ning Yang and Benjamin Marshall",

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Anhaus, S, Deitert, M, Gabbar, H, Leterme, W, Osterkamp, L, Thams, S, Tishenin, G, Abdelkrim, B, Barla, N, Gonzalez, J-C, Pang, Y, Perez, F, Foote, C, MacIver, C, Van der Straeten, M, McNamara, P, Paz, B, Li, R, Ren, Y, Benothman, F, Tielens, P, Bell, K, Gordon, S, Yang, N & Marshall, B 2026 'HVDC-WISE Deliverable 7.4: Benefits and risks of HVDC-based solutions in real grid applications' Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22939164

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AU - Anhaus, Sarah

AU - Deitert, Moritz

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AU - Osterkamp, Lars

AU - Thams, Simon

AU - Tishenin, Georgii

AU - Abdelkrim, Benchaib

AU - Barla, Nicolas

AU - Gonzalez, Juan-Carlos

AU - Pang, Ying

AU - Perez, Filipe

AU - Foote, Colin

AU - MacIver, Callum

AU - Van der Straeten, Michael

AU - McNamara, Paul

AU - Paz, Benjamin

AU - Li, Ruiqi

AU - Ren, Yaxing

AU - Benothman, F.

AU - Tielens, Pieter

AU - Bell, Keith

AU - Gordon, Samuel

AU - Yang, Ning

AU - Marshall, Benjamin

PY - 2026/9/24

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N2 - Future transmission systems will increasingly combine embedded point-to-point HVDC links withmulti-terminal DC grids. While these developments provide additional transmission capacity andcontrollability, they also change system operation, disturbance behaviour, control interactions, andprotection requirements. Their benefits and risks depend on the interaction between networktopology, operating conditions, converter control, protection, and the surrounding AC system, withrelevant phenomena spanning different time scales and modelling domains. This report consolidates the findings from the three HVDC-WISE use cases to identify commonbenefits, risks, trade-offs, and requirements for future hybrid AC/DC transmission systems. Theassessment combines planning and techno-economic studies with steady-state, dynamic,electromagnetic transient, real-time, and hardware-based investigations across different levels ofHVDC integration

AB - Future transmission systems will increasingly combine embedded point-to-point HVDC links withmulti-terminal DC grids. While these developments provide additional transmission capacity andcontrollability, they also change system operation, disturbance behaviour, control interactions, andprotection requirements. Their benefits and risks depend on the interaction between networktopology, operating conditions, converter control, protection, and the surrounding AC system, withrelevant phenomena spanning different time scales and modelling domains. This report consolidates the findings from the three HVDC-WISE use cases to identify commonbenefits, risks, trade-offs, and requirements for future hybrid AC/DC transmission systems. Theassessment combines planning and techno-economic studies with steady-state, dynamic,electromagnetic transient, real-time, and hardware-based investigations across different levels ofHVDC integration

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KW - HVDC protection

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PB - Zenodo

ER -

HVDC-WISE Deliverable 7.4: Benefits and risks of HVDC-based solutions in real grid applications

Abstract

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Keywords

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