What do we talk about when we talk about entrepreneurial mindset training?

What are we referring to when we talk about entrepreneurial mindset (EM)? What entrepreneurial mindset training is relevant but missing in Undergraduate Entrepreneurial Education? How can we extend entrepreneurial mindset training? In this chapter, I contend that extant definitions of entrepreneurial mindset as applied to entrepreneurial education are too narrowly defined, focusing primarily on venture idea generation and early-stage venturing. I propose moving to an understanding of mindset that aligns with extant scholarly appreciation of entrepreneurship as a journey requiring sustained effort over time and in the face of ups and downs. I propose that such an approach to EM training is important in Undergraduate Entrepreneurial Education because students may not necessarily emerge from secondary education with the cognitive skills to sustain their entrepreneurial efforts over time and in the face of adversity as well as successes. I also propose that EM training should equip students with individual level mindsets for grappling with uncertainty and ambiguity and associated setbacks, mistakes and failures. Equally, EM training should encompass the development of interpersonal mindsets such as empathy and open mindedness, both of which are needed to persuade investors, understand customers and balance one’s own visions with feedback from the environment, ultimately leading to effective outcomes.