User-centred collection metadata: from images as information to facilitating socio-affective connections

Purpose
As museums and other memory institutions continue to invest considerably in mass–digitising collections and participating in large search portals, it is essential to understand existing and potential users, their motivations, and search needs to inform collections’ documentation. In this article, we discuss insights from a collaborative project with National Museums Scotland, set up to enhance the findability of collection images and inform documentation practices by understanding the collections users and their search terms.

Methodology
The research involved interviews with National Museums Scotland staff, users and non-users of the Museums’ Search our Collections portal encompassing a concept mapping and card sort activity; online surveys; and content analysis of user search queries.

Findings
The project revealed that participants are interested in searching the online collections by terms often not represented in collections metadata, including terms related to identity (their own but also others’) and social context (e.g. through seasonal and social events); emotional and sensory interests (e.g. visual characteristics); and narrative themes (e.g. on under-represented histories).

Originality/value
Based on the findings, we further theorise the semantic gap in online museum collection metadata. To bridge this gap and cater to how users search, we argue for a paradigm shift in documentation practices: suggesting practitioners should not only view collection images as information but also tap into their rich potential for enabling social and affective connections.