TY - JOUR
T1 - Trafficking arms
T2 - oomycete effectors enter host plant cells
AU - Birch, Paul R.J.
AU - Rehmany, Anne P.
AU - Pritchard, Leighton
AU - Kamoun, Sophien
AU - Beynon, Jim L.
PY - 2006/1/1
Y1 - 2006/1/1
N2 - Oomycetes cause devastating plant diseases of global importance, yet little is known about the molecular basis of their pathogenicity. Recently, the first oomycete effector genes with cultivar-specific avirulence (AVR) functions were identified. Evidence of diversifying selection in these genes and their cognate plant host resistance genes suggests a molecular 'arms race' as plants and oomycetes attempt to achieve and evade detection, respectively. AVR proteins from Hyaloperonospora parasitica and Phytophthora infestans are detected in the plant host cytoplasm, consistent with the hypothesis that oomycetes, as is the case with bacteria and fungi, actively deliver effectors inside host cells. The RXLR amino acid motif, which is present in these AVR proteins and other secreted oomycete proteins, is similar to a host-cell-targeting signal in virulence proteins of malaria parasites (Plasmodium species), suggesting a conserved role in pathogenicity.
AB - Oomycetes cause devastating plant diseases of global importance, yet little is known about the molecular basis of their pathogenicity. Recently, the first oomycete effector genes with cultivar-specific avirulence (AVR) functions were identified. Evidence of diversifying selection in these genes and their cognate plant host resistance genes suggests a molecular 'arms race' as plants and oomycetes attempt to achieve and evade detection, respectively. AVR proteins from Hyaloperonospora parasitica and Phytophthora infestans are detected in the plant host cytoplasm, consistent with the hypothesis that oomycetes, as is the case with bacteria and fungi, actively deliver effectors inside host cells. The RXLR amino acid motif, which is present in these AVR proteins and other secreted oomycete proteins, is similar to a host-cell-targeting signal in virulence proteins of malaria parasites (Plasmodium species), suggesting a conserved role in pathogenicity.
KW - microbiology
KW - plant disease
KW - plant pathogens
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=30344460509&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.tim.2005.11.007
DO - 10.1016/j.tim.2005.11.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 16356717
AN - SCOPUS:30344460509
SN - 0966-842X
VL - 14
SP - 8
EP - 11
JO - Trends in Microbiology
JF - Trends in Microbiology
IS - 1
ER -