Trafficking arms: oomycete effectors enter host plant cells

Paul R.J. Birch*, Anne P. Rehmany, Leighton Pritchard, Sophien Kamoun, Jim L. Beynon

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

240 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Oomycetes cause devastating plant diseases of global importance, yet little is known about the molecular basis of their pathogenicity. Recently, the first oomycete effector genes with cultivar-specific avirulence (AVR) functions were identified. Evidence of diversifying selection in these genes and their cognate plant host resistance genes suggests a molecular 'arms race' as plants and oomycetes attempt to achieve and evade detection, respectively. AVR proteins from Hyaloperonospora parasitica and Phytophthora infestans are detected in the plant host cytoplasm, consistent with the hypothesis that oomycetes, as is the case with bacteria and fungi, actively deliver effectors inside host cells. The RXLR amino acid motif, which is present in these AVR proteins and other secreted oomycete proteins, is similar to a host-cell-targeting signal in virulence proteins of malaria parasites (Plasmodium species), suggesting a conserved role in pathogenicity.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)8-11
Number of pages4
JournalTrends in Microbiology
Volume14
Issue number1
Early online date13 Dec 2005
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2006

Keywords

  • microbiology
  • plant disease
  • plant pathogens

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