The use of copper-based antifoulings on aluminium ship hulls

Frank  Bagley; Mehmet Atlar; Alasdair Charles; Colin Anderson

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.09.044

The use of copper-based antifoulings on aluminium ship hulls

Frank Bagley, Mehmet Atlar, Alasdair Charles, Colin Anderson

Naval Architecture, Ocean And Marine Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Copper, most commonly in the form of copper oxide, is used in the majority of marine antifoulings globally, but some paint companies do not allow their copper oxide based antifoulings to be used on aluminium hulls. This is because aluminium is more anodic in the electrochemical series than copper and if the two are in direct connect in sea water, the aluminium will corrode away. This galvanic reaction only occurs if copper metal is in direct contact with aluminium, and since modern copper oxide based antifoulings contain virtually no metallic copper there appears to be no valid reason for the ultra-cautious approach regarding the use of copper oxide based antifoulings on aluminium hulls. A number of different copper-based commercial antifoulings were applied on suitably prepared Marine-grade aluminium panels, along with an un-coated control panel. The panels were immersed in seawater. Furthermore a laboratory experiment was also undertaken where coated aluminium panels were submerged in a salt water solution as a controlled experiment. All the samples were then analysed using electron microscopy. Copper leaching out of copper oxide based antifoulings had no effect on the corrosion of Marine-grade aluminium.

Language	English
Pages	595–602
Number of pages	8
Journal	Ocean Engineering
Volume	109
Early online date	22 Oct 2015
DOIs	10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.09.044
Publication status	Published - 15 Nov 2015

Fingerprint

Ships

Copper oxides

Copper

Aluminum

Saline water

Seawater

Paint

Electron microscopy

Leaching

Experiments

Corrosion

Metals

Water

Industry

Keywords

marine antifouling
copper
galvanic corrosion
aluminium
differential aeration
leaching

Cite this

Bagley, F., Atlar, M., Charles, A., & Anderson, C. (2015). The use of copper-based antifoulings on aluminium ship hulls. Ocean Engineering, 109, 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.09.044

Bagley, Frank ; Atlar, Mehmet ; Charles, Alasdair ; Anderson, Colin. / The use of copper-based antifoulings on aluminium ship hulls. In: Ocean Engineering. 2015 ; Vol. 109. pp. 595–602.

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abstract = "Copper, most commonly in the form of copper oxide, is used in the majority of marine antifoulings globally, but some paint companies do not allow their copper oxide based antifoulings to be used on aluminium hulls. This is because aluminium is more anodic in the electrochemical series than copper and if the two are in direct connect in sea water, the aluminium will corrode away. This galvanic reaction only occurs if copper metal is in direct contact with aluminium, and since modern copper oxide based antifoulings contain virtually no metallic copper there appears to be no valid reason for the ultra-cautious approach regarding the use of copper oxide based antifoulings on aluminium hulls. A number of different copper-based commercial antifoulings were applied on suitably prepared Marine-grade aluminium panels, along with an un-coated control panel. The panels were immersed in seawater. Furthermore a laboratory experiment was also undertaken where coated aluminium panels were submerged in a salt water solution as a controlled experiment. All the samples were then analysed using electron microscopy. Copper leaching out of copper oxide based antifoulings had no effect on the corrosion of Marine-grade aluminium.",

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Bagley, F, Atlar, M, Charles, A & Anderson, C 2015, 'The use of copper-based antifoulings on aluminium ship hulls' Ocean Engineering, vol. 109, pp. 595–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.09.044

The use of copper-based antifoulings on aluminium ship hulls. / Bagley, Frank ; Atlar, Mehmet; Charles, Alasdair; Anderson, Colin.

In: Ocean Engineering, Vol. 109, 15.11.2015, p. 595–602.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

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AU - Bagley, Frank

AU - Atlar, Mehmet

AU - Charles, Alasdair

AU - Anderson, Colin

PY - 2015/11/15

Y1 - 2015/11/15

N2 - Copper, most commonly in the form of copper oxide, is used in the majority of marine antifoulings globally, but some paint companies do not allow their copper oxide based antifoulings to be used on aluminium hulls. This is because aluminium is more anodic in the electrochemical series than copper and if the two are in direct connect in sea water, the aluminium will corrode away. This galvanic reaction only occurs if copper metal is in direct contact with aluminium, and since modern copper oxide based antifoulings contain virtually no metallic copper there appears to be no valid reason for the ultra-cautious approach regarding the use of copper oxide based antifoulings on aluminium hulls. A number of different copper-based commercial antifoulings were applied on suitably prepared Marine-grade aluminium panels, along with an un-coated control panel. The panels were immersed in seawater. Furthermore a laboratory experiment was also undertaken where coated aluminium panels were submerged in a salt water solution as a controlled experiment. All the samples were then analysed using electron microscopy. Copper leaching out of copper oxide based antifoulings had no effect on the corrosion of Marine-grade aluminium.

AB - Copper, most commonly in the form of copper oxide, is used in the majority of marine antifoulings globally, but some paint companies do not allow their copper oxide based antifoulings to be used on aluminium hulls. This is because aluminium is more anodic in the electrochemical series than copper and if the two are in direct connect in sea water, the aluminium will corrode away. This galvanic reaction only occurs if copper metal is in direct contact with aluminium, and since modern copper oxide based antifoulings contain virtually no metallic copper there appears to be no valid reason for the ultra-cautious approach regarding the use of copper oxide based antifoulings on aluminium hulls. A number of different copper-based commercial antifoulings were applied on suitably prepared Marine-grade aluminium panels, along with an un-coated control panel. The panels were immersed in seawater. Furthermore a laboratory experiment was also undertaken where coated aluminium panels were submerged in a salt water solution as a controlled experiment. All the samples were then analysed using electron microscopy. Copper leaching out of copper oxide based antifoulings had no effect on the corrosion of Marine-grade aluminium.

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