The therapeutic potential of gypenosides for age-related macular degeneration

Shuibin Cen; Jianping Li; James Reilly; Jinwei Chen; Hui-Rong Jiang; Xinhua Shu

doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1773391

The therapeutic potential of gypenosides for age-related macular degeneration

Shuibin Cen, Jianping Li, James Reilly, Jinwei Chen, Hui-Rong Jiang, Xinhua Shu

Strathclyde Institute Of Pharmacy And Biomedical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Comment/debate › peer-review

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Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disease considered to be the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among older adults globally. AMD is classified into non-exudative (dry) AMD and neovascular (wet) AMD (Figure 1). Dry AMD is the commonest type, accounting for approximately 90% of cases and is characterized by atrophy of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and sub-RPE deposits (drusen); wet AMD is the most severe form and is characterized by the growth of abnormal choroidal vessels and leakage of blood and fluid. Current treatments approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for wet AMD and anti-complement treatment for dry AMD, respectively. These lifelong intravitreal treatments can cause adverse complications, including ocular hemorrhage, retinal inflammation, retinal detachment, and cataract. Therefore, development of alternative treatments is urgently needed.

Original language	English
Article number	1773391
Number of pages	6
Journal	Frontiers in Nutrition
Volume	13
Early online date	4 Feb 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1773391
Publication status	Published - 4 Feb 2026

Funding

The author(s) declared that financial support was received for this work and/or its publication. This work was partially supported by Tenovus Scotland (XS), the Scottish Neurological Research Fund (XS), the RS MacDonald Facility Access fund (XS), Guangdong Provincial Department of Education Accreditation projects of Ordinary Higher University of Guangdong Province (No. 2024KTSCX385 to JL), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province, Guangdong, China (No. 2022A1515110258 to JC) and Guangdong Provincial Department of Education Key Project (No. 2022ZDZX3049 to JC).

Keywords

age-related macular degeneration
gut microbiome
gypenosides
inflammation
lipid metabolism
oxidative stress
therapeutic potential

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Cite this

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title = "The therapeutic potential of gypenosides for age-related macular degeneration",

abstract = "Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disease considered to be the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among older adults globally. AMD is classified into non-exudative (dry) AMD and neovascular (wet) AMD (Figure 1). Dry AMD is the commonest type, accounting for approximately 90\% of cases and is characterized by atrophy of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and sub-RPE deposits (drusen); wet AMD is the most severe form and is characterized by the growth of abnormal choroidal vessels and leakage of blood and fluid. Current treatments approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for wet AMD and anti-complement treatment for dry AMD, respectively. These lifelong intravitreal treatments can cause adverse complications, including ocular hemorrhage, retinal inflammation, retinal detachment, and cataract. Therefore, development of alternative treatments is urgently needed.",

keywords = "age-related macular degeneration, gut microbiome, gypenosides, inflammation, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, therapeutic potential",

author = "Shuibin Cen and Jianping Li and James Reilly and Jinwei Chen and Hui-Rong Jiang and Xinhua Shu",

year = "2026",

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doi = "10.3389/fnut.2026.1773391",

language = "English",

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T1 - The therapeutic potential of gypenosides for age-related macular degeneration

AU - Cen, Shuibin

AU - Li, Jianping

AU - Reilly, James

AU - Chen, Jinwei

AU - Jiang, Hui-Rong

AU - Shu, Xinhua

PY - 2026/2/4

Y1 - 2026/2/4

N2 - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disease considered to be the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among older adults globally. AMD is classified into non-exudative (dry) AMD and neovascular (wet) AMD (Figure 1). Dry AMD is the commonest type, accounting for approximately 90% of cases and is characterized by atrophy of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and sub-RPE deposits (drusen); wet AMD is the most severe form and is characterized by the growth of abnormal choroidal vessels and leakage of blood and fluid. Current treatments approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for wet AMD and anti-complement treatment for dry AMD, respectively. These lifelong intravitreal treatments can cause adverse complications, including ocular hemorrhage, retinal inflammation, retinal detachment, and cataract. Therefore, development of alternative treatments is urgently needed.

AB - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disease considered to be the leading cause of irreversible vision loss among older adults globally. AMD is classified into non-exudative (dry) AMD and neovascular (wet) AMD (Figure 1). Dry AMD is the commonest type, accounting for approximately 90% of cases and is characterized by atrophy of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and sub-RPE deposits (drusen); wet AMD is the most severe form and is characterized by the growth of abnormal choroidal vessels and leakage of blood and fluid. Current treatments approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for wet AMD and anti-complement treatment for dry AMD, respectively. These lifelong intravitreal treatments can cause adverse complications, including ocular hemorrhage, retinal inflammation, retinal detachment, and cataract. Therefore, development of alternative treatments is urgently needed.

KW - age-related macular degeneration

KW - gut microbiome

KW - gypenosides

KW - inflammation

KW - lipid metabolism

KW - oxidative stress

KW - therapeutic potential

U2 - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1773391

DO - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1773391

M3 - Comment/debate

VL - 13

JO - Frontiers in Nutrition

JF - Frontiers in Nutrition

M1 - 1773391

ER -

The therapeutic potential of gypenosides for age-related macular degeneration

Abstract

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Keywords

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