The expenditure impacts of individual higher education institutions (HEIS) and their students on the Welsh economy: homogeneity or heterogeneity?

Kristinn Hermannsson, Katerina Lisenkova, Peter McGregor, John Swales

Research output: Working paper › Discussion paper

Abstract

This paper replicates the analysis of Scottish HEIs in Hermannsson et al (2010a) for the case of Wales in order to provide a self-contained analysis that is readily accessible by those whose primary concern is with the regional impacts of Welsh HEIs. When we treat each of the twelve Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) that existed in Wales in 2006 as separate sectors in conventional input-output analysis, their expenditure impacts per unit of final demand appear rather homogenous, with the apparent heterogeneity of their overall impacts being primarily driven by scale. However, a disaggregation of their income by source reveals considerable variation in their dependence upon funding from the devolved Welsh Assembly Government and their ability to draw in income/funding from external sources. Acknowledging the binding budget constraint of the Welsh Assembly Government and deriving balanced expenditure multipliers reveals large differences in the net-expenditure impact of HEIs upon the Welsh economy, with the source of variation being the origin of income. Applying a novel treatment of student expenditure impacts, identifying the amount of exogenous spending per student, modifies the heterogeneity of the overall expenditure impacts. On balance this suggests that the impacts of impending budget cut-backs will be quite different by institution
depending on their sensitivity to public funding. However, predicting the outcome of budget cutbacks at the margin is problematic for reasons that we identify.
LanguageEnglish
Number of pages45
Publication statusPublished - Nov 2010

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higher education
homogeneity
expenditure
student
income
input-output analysis
economy
budget
analysis

Keywords

  • Higher Education Institutions
  • Wales
  • input output
  • impact study
  • multipliers
  • devoution

Cite this

Hermannsson, Kristinn ; Lisenkova, Katerina ; McGregor, Peter ; Swales, John. / The expenditure impacts of individual higher education institutions (HEIS) and their students on the Welsh economy : homogeneity or heterogeneity? . 2010.
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Hermannsson, K, Lisenkova, K, McGregor, P & Swales, J 2010 'The expenditure impacts of individual higher education institutions (HEIS) and their students on the Welsh economy: homogeneity or heterogeneity? '.

The expenditure impacts of individual higher education institutions (HEIS) and their students on the Welsh economy : homogeneity or heterogeneity? . / Hermannsson, Kristinn; Lisenkova, Katerina; McGregor, Peter; Swales, John.

2010.

Research output: Working paper › Discussion paper

TY - UNPB

T1 - The expenditure impacts of individual higher education institutions (HEIS) and their students on the Welsh economy

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AU - Swales, John

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N2 - This paper replicates the analysis of Scottish HEIs in Hermannsson et al (2010a) for the case of Wales in order to provide a self-contained analysis that is readily accessible by those whose primary concern is with the regional impacts of Welsh HEIs. When we treat each of the twelve Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) that existed in Wales in 2006 as separate sectors in conventional input-output analysis, their expenditure impacts per unit of final demand appear rather homogenous, with the apparent heterogeneity of their overall impacts being primarily driven by scale. However, a disaggregation of their income by source reveals considerable variation in their dependence upon funding from the devolved Welsh Assembly Government and their ability to draw in income/funding from external sources. Acknowledging the binding budget constraint of the Welsh Assembly Government and deriving balanced expenditure multipliers reveals large differences in the net-expenditure impact of HEIs upon the Welsh economy, with the source of variation being the origin of income. Applying a novel treatment of student expenditure impacts, identifying the amount of exogenous spending per student, modifies the heterogeneity of the overall expenditure impacts. On balance this suggests that the impacts of impending budget cut-backs will be quite different by institution depending on their sensitivity to public funding. However, predicting the outcome of budget cutbacks at the margin is problematic for reasons that we identify.

AB - This paper replicates the analysis of Scottish HEIs in Hermannsson et al (2010a) for the case of Wales in order to provide a self-contained analysis that is readily accessible by those whose primary concern is with the regional impacts of Welsh HEIs. When we treat each of the twelve Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) that existed in Wales in 2006 as separate sectors in conventional input-output analysis, their expenditure impacts per unit of final demand appear rather homogenous, with the apparent heterogeneity of their overall impacts being primarily driven by scale. However, a disaggregation of their income by source reveals considerable variation in their dependence upon funding from the devolved Welsh Assembly Government and their ability to draw in income/funding from external sources. Acknowledging the binding budget constraint of the Welsh Assembly Government and deriving balanced expenditure multipliers reveals large differences in the net-expenditure impact of HEIs upon the Welsh economy, with the source of variation being the origin of income. Applying a novel treatment of student expenditure impacts, identifying the amount of exogenous spending per student, modifies the heterogeneity of the overall expenditure impacts. On balance this suggests that the impacts of impending budget cut-backs will be quite different by institution depending on their sensitivity to public funding. However, predicting the outcome of budget cutbacks at the margin is problematic for reasons that we identify.

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Hermannsson K, Lisenkova K, McGregor P, Swales J. The expenditure impacts of individual higher education institutions (HEIS) and their students on the Welsh economy: homogeneity or heterogeneity? . 2010 Nov.

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