Software and hardware-based decoupling control comparison of multiport-isolated DC-DC converters for hydrogen energy storage systems

Hydrogen energy storage systems (HESS) offer a promising, environmentally friendly solution for energy storage, generating only water and oxygen as byproducts compared to the harmful emissions from fossil fuels. The efficiency of HESS is closely tied to the performance of the power converters used. Multiport-isolated DC-DC converters are well-suited for HESS applications due to their high power density and flexibility. However, these converters face challenges from cross-coupling effects that can compromise their performance. This paper provides a comprehensive comparison of software and hardware-based decoupling control techniques aimed at mitigating cross-coupling effects across a wide operating region. Linear active disturbance rejection control and inherent decoupling control are evaluated as software and hardware decoupling control techniques, respectively. The paper also explores the potential benefits of integrating these two techniques. Simulations validate the performance of the individual controllers and the integrated approach. The findings offer valuable insights into improving the performance of multiport-isolated DC-DC converters in HESS applications.