Single-domain antibodies for brain targeting: single-domain antibodies are emerging as credible alternatives due to their target specificity, high affinity, and cost-effective recombinant production

Smaller recombinant antibody fragments as single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) are emerging as credible alternatives because of their target specificity, high affinity, and cost-effective recombinant production. sdAbs have been forged into multivalent and multispecific therapeutics, or targeting moieties, that are able to shuttle their linked therapeutic cargo (i.e., drugs, nanoparticles, toxins, enzymes, and radionuclides) to the receptor of interest. Their ability to permeate across the blood brain barrier is receiving industrial interest for neurological and neurooncological indications.