Single cell mobility adhesion monitoring using extracellular electrodes

Cell attachment and activity on planar electrodes can be observed in real time by continuously monitoring the electrode impedance. The application of a low frequency a.c. field affects neither the electrode properties nor cell growth. The tightness of the cell/electrode junction can be quantified, and has been shown to be dependent on both cell type and electrode surface. Studies have been carried out on both large cell populations, and the single cell/microelectrode interface.