TY - JOUR
T1 - Relationships between outdoor time, physical activity, sedentary time, and body mass index in children
T2 - a 12-country study
AU - Larouche, Richard
AU - Barreira, Tiago V.
AU - Hu, Gang
AU - Maia, José
AU - Sarmiento, Olga L.
AU - Katzmarzyk, Peter T.
AU - Mire, Emily F.
AU - Chaput, Jean Philippe
AU - Lambert, Estelle V.
AU - Olds, Tim
AU - Standage, Martyn
AU - Belanger, Kevin
AU - Fogelholm, Mikael
AU - Maher, Carol
AU - Onywera, Vincent
AU - Tudor-Locke, Catrine
AU - Tremblay, Mark S.
AU - Church, Timothy S.
AU - Lambert, Denise G.
AU - Broyles, Stephanie
AU - Butitta, Ben
AU - Champagne, Catherine
AU - Cocreham, Shannon
AU - Dentro, Kara
AU - Drazba, Katy
AU - Harrington, Deirdre
AU - Johnson, William
AU - Milauskas, Dione
AU - Tohme, Allison
AU - Rodarte, Ruben
AU - Amoroso, Bobby
AU - Luopa, John
AU - Neiberg, Rebecca
AU - Rushing, Scott
AU - Olds, Timothy
AU - Lewis, Lucy
AU - Ferrar, Katia
AU - Georgiadis, Effie
AU - Stanley, Rebecca
AU - Matsudo, Victor Keihan Rodrigues
AU - Matsudo, Sandra
AU - Araujo, Timoteo
AU - De Oliveira, Luis Carlos
AU - Rezende, Leandro
AU - Fabiano, Luis
AU - Bezerra, Diogo
AU - Ferrari, Gerson
AU - Bélanger, Priscilla
AU - Borghese, Mike
AU - Wang, Yue
PY - 2019/2/1
Y1 - 2019/2/1
N2 - Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between outdoor time and physical activity (PA), sedentary time (SED), and body mass index z scores among children from 12 lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income, and high-income countries. Methods: In total, 6478 children (54.4% girls) aged 9-11 years participated. Outdoor time was self-reported, PA and SED were assessed with ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers, and height and weight were measured. Data on parental education, neighborhood collective efficacy, and accessibility to neighborhood recreation facilities were collected from parent questionnaires. Country latitude and climate statistics were collected through national weather data sources. Gender-stratified multilevel models with parental education, climate, and neighborhood variables as covariates were used to examine the relationship between outdoor time, accelerometry measures, and body mass index z scores. Results: Each additional hour per day spent outdoors was associated with higher moderate-to vigorous-intensity PA (boys: +2.8 min/d; girls: +1.4 min/d), higher light-intensity PA (boys: +2.0 min/d; girls: +2.3 min/d), and lower SED (boys: -6.3 min/d; girls: -5.1 min/d). Effect sizes were generally weaker in lower-middle-income countries. Outdoor time was not associated with body mass index z scores. Conclusions: Outdoor time was associated with higher PA and lower SED independent of climate, parental education, and neighborhood variables, but effect sizes were small. However, more research is needed in low-and middle-income countries.
AB - Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between outdoor time and physical activity (PA), sedentary time (SED), and body mass index z scores among children from 12 lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income, and high-income countries. Methods: In total, 6478 children (54.4% girls) aged 9-11 years participated. Outdoor time was self-reported, PA and SED were assessed with ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers, and height and weight were measured. Data on parental education, neighborhood collective efficacy, and accessibility to neighborhood recreation facilities were collected from parent questionnaires. Country latitude and climate statistics were collected through national weather data sources. Gender-stratified multilevel models with parental education, climate, and neighborhood variables as covariates were used to examine the relationship between outdoor time, accelerometry measures, and body mass index z scores. Results: Each additional hour per day spent outdoors was associated with higher moderate-to vigorous-intensity PA (boys: +2.8 min/d; girls: +1.4 min/d), higher light-intensity PA (boys: +2.0 min/d; girls: +2.3 min/d), and lower SED (boys: -6.3 min/d; girls: -5.1 min/d). Effect sizes were generally weaker in lower-middle-income countries. Outdoor time was not associated with body mass index z scores. Conclusions: Outdoor time was associated with higher PA and lower SED independent of climate, parental education, and neighborhood variables, but effect sizes were small. However, more research is needed in low-and middle-income countries.
KW - epidemiology
KW - exercise
KW - Health Promotion
KW - motor behavior
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85061958006&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1123/pes.2018-0055
DO - 10.1123/pes.2018-0055
M3 - Article
C2 - 30304983
AN - SCOPUS:85061958006
SN - 0899-8493
VL - 31
SP - 118
EP - 129
JO - Pediatric Exercise Science
JF - Pediatric Exercise Science
IS - 1
ER -