Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules

J.G. Danzl, Elmar Haller, M. Gustavsson, M.J. Mark, R. Hart, N. Bouloufa, O. Dulieu, H. Ritsch, H.-C. Nägerl

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

261 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Molecular cooling techniques face the hurdle of dissipating translational as well as internal energy in the presence of a rich electronic, vibrational, and rotational energy spectrum. In our experiment, we create a translationally ultracold, dense quantum gas of molecules bound by more than 1000 wave numbers in the electronic ground state. Specifically, we stimulate with 80% efficiency, a two- photon transfer of molecules associated on a Feshbach resonance from a Bose- Einstein condensate of cesium atoms. In the process, the initial loose, long- range electrostatic bond of the Feshbach molecule is coherently transformed into a tight chemical bond. We demonstrate coherence of the transfer in a Ramsey- type experiment and show that the molecular sample is not heated during the transfer. Our results show that the preparation of a quantum gas of molecules in specific rovibrational states is possible and that the creation of a Bose- Einstein condensate of molecules in their rovibronic ground state is within reach.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1062-1066
Number of pages5
JournalScience
Volume321
Issue number5892
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 22 Aug 2008

Fingerprint

ground state
gases
molecules
Bose-Einstein condensates
rotational spectra
chemical bonds
internal energy
electronics
cesium
energy spectra
electrostatics
cooling
preparation
photons
atoms

Keywords

  • molecular cooling
  • quantum gas
  • Bose-Einstein condensate
  • cesium atoms

Cite this

Danzl, J. G., Haller, E., Gustavsson, M., Mark, M. J., Hart, R., Bouloufa, N., ... Nägerl, H-C. (2008). Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules. Science, 321(5892), 1062-1066. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1159909
Danzl, J.G. ; Haller, Elmar ; Gustavsson, M. ; Mark, M.J. ; Hart, R. ; Bouloufa, N. ; Dulieu, O. ; Ritsch, H. ; Nägerl, H.-C. / Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules. In: Science. 2008 ; Vol. 321, No. 5892. pp. 1062-1066.
@article{4c5455a13c6d4ac68ff670ebdb74c452,
title = "Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules",
abstract = "Molecular cooling techniques face the hurdle of dissipating translational as well as internal energy in the presence of a rich electronic, vibrational, and rotational energy spectrum. In our experiment, we create a translationally ultracold, dense quantum gas of molecules bound by more than 1000 wave numbers in the electronic ground state. Specifically, we stimulate with 80{\%} efficiency, a two- photon transfer of molecules associated on a Feshbach resonance from a Bose- Einstein condensate of cesium atoms. In the process, the initial loose, long- range electrostatic bond of the Feshbach molecule is coherently transformed into a tight chemical bond. We demonstrate coherence of the transfer in a Ramsey- type experiment and show that the molecular sample is not heated during the transfer. Our results show that the preparation of a quantum gas of molecules in specific rovibrational states is possible and that the creation of a Bose- Einstein condensate of molecules in their rovibronic ground state is within reach.",
keywords = "molecular cooling, quantum gas, Bose-Einstein condensate, cesium atoms",
author = "J.G. Danzl and Elmar Haller and M. Gustavsson and M.J. Mark and R. Hart and N. Bouloufa and O. Dulieu and H. Ritsch and H.-C. N{\"a}gerl",
year = "2008",
month = "8",
day = "22",
doi = "10.1126/science.1159909",
language = "English",
volume = "321",
pages = "1062--1066",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
number = "5892",

}

Danzl, JG, Haller, E, Gustavsson, M, Mark, MJ, Hart, R, Bouloufa, N, Dulieu, O, Ritsch, H & Nägerl, H-C 2008, 'Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules', Science, vol. 321, no. 5892, pp. 1062-1066. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1159909

Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules. / Danzl, J.G.; Haller, Elmar; Gustavsson, M.; Mark, M.J.; Hart, R.; Bouloufa, N.; Dulieu, O.; Ritsch, H.; Nägerl, H.-C.

In: Science, Vol. 321, No. 5892, 22.08.2008, p. 1062-1066.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

TY - JOUR

T1 - Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules

AU - Danzl, J.G.

AU - Haller, Elmar

AU - Gustavsson, M.

AU - Mark, M.J.

AU - Hart, R.

AU - Bouloufa, N.

AU - Dulieu, O.

AU - Ritsch, H.

AU - Nägerl, H.-C.

PY - 2008/8/22

Y1 - 2008/8/22

N2 - Molecular cooling techniques face the hurdle of dissipating translational as well as internal energy in the presence of a rich electronic, vibrational, and rotational energy spectrum. In our experiment, we create a translationally ultracold, dense quantum gas of molecules bound by more than 1000 wave numbers in the electronic ground state. Specifically, we stimulate with 80% efficiency, a two- photon transfer of molecules associated on a Feshbach resonance from a Bose- Einstein condensate of cesium atoms. In the process, the initial loose, long- range electrostatic bond of the Feshbach molecule is coherently transformed into a tight chemical bond. We demonstrate coherence of the transfer in a Ramsey- type experiment and show that the molecular sample is not heated during the transfer. Our results show that the preparation of a quantum gas of molecules in specific rovibrational states is possible and that the creation of a Bose- Einstein condensate of molecules in their rovibronic ground state is within reach.

AB - Molecular cooling techniques face the hurdle of dissipating translational as well as internal energy in the presence of a rich electronic, vibrational, and rotational energy spectrum. In our experiment, we create a translationally ultracold, dense quantum gas of molecules bound by more than 1000 wave numbers in the electronic ground state. Specifically, we stimulate with 80% efficiency, a two- photon transfer of molecules associated on a Feshbach resonance from a Bose- Einstein condensate of cesium atoms. In the process, the initial loose, long- range electrostatic bond of the Feshbach molecule is coherently transformed into a tight chemical bond. We demonstrate coherence of the transfer in a Ramsey- type experiment and show that the molecular sample is not heated during the transfer. Our results show that the preparation of a quantum gas of molecules in specific rovibrational states is possible and that the creation of a Bose- Einstein condensate of molecules in their rovibronic ground state is within reach.

KW - molecular cooling

KW - quantum gas

KW - Bose-Einstein condensate

KW - cesium atoms

U2 - 10.1126/science.1159909

DO - 10.1126/science.1159909

M3 - Article

VL - 321

SP - 1062

EP - 1066

JO - Science

JF - Science

SN - 0036-8075

IS - 5892

ER -

Danzl JG, Haller E, Gustavsson M, Mark MJ, Hart R, Bouloufa N et al. Quantum gas of deeply bound ground state molecules. Science. 2008 Aug 22;321(5892):1062-1066. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1159909

Access to Document