Abstract
A smart car park with electrical vehicles (EVs) has the potential to participate in a commercial building’s energy storage and power supply activities, via bidirectional power flow techniques. In this paper, the management of energy usage of a shopping mall with smart car park is investigated. An optimal control model is built up to determine EVs’ charging/discharging status under real-time price, the on/off switching of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) unit in the shopping mall, so that the overall energy cost can be minimised under normal and emergency operations. Key factors such as EV battery degradation, constraints on battery states and the emergency power supply requirements are included in the model. Simulation studies demonstrate that a proper-sized smart car park can be used as an extra power supply to the shopping mall under emergency power shut down. This can help to reduce reliance on traditional power supply under emergency requirements.
| Original language | English |
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| Title of host publication | 2021 26th International Conference on Automation and Computing (ICAC) |
| Place of Publication | Piscataway, NJ. |
| Publisher | IEEE |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781860435577 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 4 Sept 2021 |
| Event | 26th IEEE International Conference on Automation and Computing - Portsmouth, United Kingdom Duration: 2 Sept 2021 → 4 Sept 2021 http://www.cacsuk.co.uk/index.php/icac2021 |
Conference
| Conference | 26th IEEE International Conference on Automation and Computing |
|---|---|
| Abbreviated title | ICAC'21 |
| Country/Territory | United Kingdom |
| City | Portsmouth |
| Period | 2/09/21 → 4/09/21 |
| Internet address |
Keywords
- electric vehicle (EV)
- smart car park
- shopping mall
- emergency power supply
- constrained optimisation