Pausing mid-sentence: young offender perspectives on their language and communication needs

Introduction: Although not all young offenders have intellectual and/or developmental disability, international research evidence has established high prevalence (60–65%) of language disorder (LD) in young offender populations. Descriptions in research literature of perspectives of young offenders on their language abilities are rare. This study investigates the language abilities of recently segregated imprisoned young male offenders and their views on their interactions with peers and justice system professionals.

Methods: Ten young male offenders in custody (age 17–23) were assessed using a mixed-methods approach, by administration of standardised language assessment, informal justice vocabulary assessment and semi-structured interview.

Results: Language assessment: 44% (n = 4) of the sample performed below normal limits overall indicating LD prevalence in sample four times that of the general population. Justice vocabulary assessment: Scores ranged 42–100% correct, significantly higher than results from previous studies. Thematic analysis of interview data led to identification of three main themes: valuing communication, language and learning; exerting control; and seeking support.

Implications: Language assessment results broadly align with those from similar studies. Further investigation of views about interactions provides us with greater understanding of features of communication young male offenders value when interacting within the justice system, offers possible reasons why they may act in seemingly self-destructive and self-defeating ways, and opportunities to shape interventions upon liberation.