New horizons in marine coatings

Marine biofouling is an increasing problem from both economic and environmental points of view in terms of increased resistance, increased fuel consumption, increased GHG emissions and transportation of harmful non-indigenous species. Marine coatings are prevalently used to mitigate biofouling and smooth the surfaces of hulls. This paper aims at introducing new horizons and novel approaches in marine antifouling coatings. Firstly, marine biofouling and fouling prevention methods are briefly introduced. Afterwards, latest research in coating/fouling hydrodynamics is presented. Biomimetic approach to antifouling technology, bio-inspired antifouling strategies and the challenges in designing bio-inspired antifouling coatings are then discussed in detail. It is believed that, the on-going research in marine coatings will lead to an effective mitigation of marine biofouling while maintaining the harmony between man-made structures and marine life.