TY - JOUR
T1 - Microscopy imaging of liposomes
T2 - from coverslips to environmental SEM
AU - Bibi, Sagida
AU - Kaur, Randip
AU - Henriksen-Lacey, Malou
AU - McNeil, Sarah E.
AU - Wilkhu, Jitinder
AU - Lattmann, Eric
AU - Christensen, Dennis
AU - Mohammed, Afzal R.
AU - Perrie, Yvonne
N1 - Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2011/9/30
Y1 - 2011/9/30
N2 - A plethora of techniques for the imaging of liposomes and other bilayer vesicles are available. However, sample preparation and the technique chosen should be carefully considered in conjunction with the information required. For example, larger vesicles such as multilamellar and giant unilamellar vesicles can be viewed using light microscopy and whilst vesicle confirmation and size prior to additional physical characterisations or more detailed microscopy can be undertaken, the technique is limited in terms of resolution. To consider the options available for visualising liposome-based systems, a wide range of microscopy techniques are described and discussed here: these include light, fluorescence and confocal microscopy and various electron microscopy techniques such as transmission, cryo, freeze fracture and environmental scanning electron microscopy. Their application, advantages and disadvantages are reviewed with regard to their use in analysis of lipid vesicles.
AB - A plethora of techniques for the imaging of liposomes and other bilayer vesicles are available. However, sample preparation and the technique chosen should be carefully considered in conjunction with the information required. For example, larger vesicles such as multilamellar and giant unilamellar vesicles can be viewed using light microscopy and whilst vesicle confirmation and size prior to additional physical characterisations or more detailed microscopy can be undertaken, the technique is limited in terms of resolution. To consider the options available for visualising liposome-based systems, a wide range of microscopy techniques are described and discussed here: these include light, fluorescence and confocal microscopy and various electron microscopy techniques such as transmission, cryo, freeze fracture and environmental scanning electron microscopy. Their application, advantages and disadvantages are reviewed with regard to their use in analysis of lipid vesicles.
KW - lipids
KW - liposomes
KW - microscopy, electron, scanning
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.12.021
DO - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.12.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 21182914
SN - 0378-5173
VL - 417
SP - 138
EP - 150
JO - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
JF - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
IS - 1-2
ER -