Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensors

C. Lescure; S. Hotchin; E. Ivings; M. F. Johnson; V. Riccardo; M. Walsh; A. West; G. Fusiek; P. Niewczas

doi:10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470

Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensors

C. Lescure, S. Hotchin, E. Ivings, M. F. Johnson, V. Riccardo, M. Walsh, A. West, G. Fusiek, P. Niewczas

Electronic And Electrical Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution book

3 Citations (Scopus)

197 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Monitoring the forces induced on the vacuum vessel when a disruption occurs is essential for the protection of the machine. Since divertor coils have been installed in JET, during disruptions a significant difference between the forces measured on the top and the bottom of the machine has been observed. In order to investigate these further, optical fiber transducers FBGs (Fiber Bragg Gratings) were installed in addition to the currently used strain gauges. During VDE (Vertical Displacement Event) tests, these new transducers were used to measure different level of disruptions ranging from 80T up to 230T vertical forces. The results were then compared with the strain gauges. The FBG measurement was carried out using a broadband light source illuminating an array of 4 FBGs through a combination of directional couplers, connectors and fiber-optic cable. The forces measured both by FBG and by the strain gauges are within the same range, except for the initial swing where large random differences are observed. The tests have demonstrated that the FBG-based force measurement system has adequate resolution (±1.52strain corresponding to a force of 4kN due to the geometry of the leg) and measurement range (50002strain or 13000kN) for this application.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering
Place of Publication	New York
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	1-4
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Print)	9781424426355
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470
Publication status	Published - 28 Aug 2009
Event	2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering - San Diego, United States Duration: 1 Jun 2009 → 5 Sep 2009

Publication series

Name	IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering
Publisher	IEEE
ISSN (Print)	1078-8891
ISSN (Electronic)	2155-9953

Conference

Conference	2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering
Abbreviated title	ICOPS-SOFE 2009
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Diego
Period	1/06/09 → 5/09/09

Keywords

fiber-optic sensors
fusion energy
electrical engineering
JET

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10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470

Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensorsSubmitted manuscript, 4.17 MB

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title = "Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensors",

abstract = "Monitoring the forces induced on the vacuum vessel when a disruption occurs is essential for the protection of the machine. Since divertor coils have been installed in JET, during disruptions a significant difference between the forces measured on the top and the bottom of the machine has been observed. In order to investigate these further, optical fiber transducers FBGs (Fiber Bragg Gratings) were installed in addition to the currently used strain gauges. During VDE (Vertical Displacement Event) tests, these new transducers were used to measure different level of disruptions ranging from 80T up to 230T vertical forces. The results were then compared with the strain gauges. The FBG measurement was carried out using a broadband light source illuminating an array of 4 FBGs through a combination of directional couplers, connectors and fiber-optic cable. The forces measured both by FBG and by the strain gauges are within the same range, except for the initial swing where large random differences are observed. The tests have demonstrated that the FBG-based force measurement system has adequate resolution (±1.52strain corresponding to a force of 4kN due to the geometry of the leg) and measurement range (50002strain or 13000kN) for this application.",

keywords = "fiber-optic sensors, fusion energy, electrical engineering, JET",

author = "C. Lescure and S. Hotchin and E. Ivings and Johnson, {M. F.} and V. Riccardo and M. Walsh and A. West and G. Fusiek and P. Niewczas",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting /republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.; 2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering, ICOPS-SOFE 2009 ; Conference date: 01-06-2009 Through 05-09-2009",

year = "2009",

month = aug,

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doi = "10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470",

language = "English",

isbn = "9781424426355",

series = "IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering",

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Lescure, C, Hotchin, S, Ivings, E, Johnson, MF, Riccardo, V, Walsh, M, West, A, Fusiek, G & Niewczas, P 2009, Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensors. in 2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering. IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering, IEEE, New York, pp. 1-4, 2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering, San Diego, United States, 1/06/09. https://doi.org/10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470

TY - GEN

T1 - Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensors

AU - Lescure, C.

AU - Hotchin, S.

AU - Ivings, E.

AU - Johnson, M. F.

AU - Riccardo, V.

AU - Walsh, M.

AU - West, A.

AU - Fusiek, G.

AU - Niewczas, P.

N1 - © 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting /republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.

PY - 2009/8/28

Y1 - 2009/8/28

N2 - Monitoring the forces induced on the vacuum vessel when a disruption occurs is essential for the protection of the machine. Since divertor coils have been installed in JET, during disruptions a significant difference between the forces measured on the top and the bottom of the machine has been observed. In order to investigate these further, optical fiber transducers FBGs (Fiber Bragg Gratings) were installed in addition to the currently used strain gauges. During VDE (Vertical Displacement Event) tests, these new transducers were used to measure different level of disruptions ranging from 80T up to 230T vertical forces. The results were then compared with the strain gauges. The FBG measurement was carried out using a broadband light source illuminating an array of 4 FBGs through a combination of directional couplers, connectors and fiber-optic cable. The forces measured both by FBG and by the strain gauges are within the same range, except for the initial swing where large random differences are observed. The tests have demonstrated that the FBG-based force measurement system has adequate resolution (±1.52strain corresponding to a force of 4kN due to the geometry of the leg) and measurement range (50002strain or 13000kN) for this application.

AB - Monitoring the forces induced on the vacuum vessel when a disruption occurs is essential for the protection of the machine. Since divertor coils have been installed in JET, during disruptions a significant difference between the forces measured on the top and the bottom of the machine has been observed. In order to investigate these further, optical fiber transducers FBGs (Fiber Bragg Gratings) were installed in addition to the currently used strain gauges. During VDE (Vertical Displacement Event) tests, these new transducers were used to measure different level of disruptions ranging from 80T up to 230T vertical forces. The results were then compared with the strain gauges. The FBG measurement was carried out using a broadband light source illuminating an array of 4 FBGs through a combination of directional couplers, connectors and fiber-optic cable. The forces measured both by FBG and by the strain gauges are within the same range, except for the initial swing where large random differences are observed. The tests have demonstrated that the FBG-based force measurement system has adequate resolution (±1.52strain corresponding to a force of 4kN due to the geometry of the leg) and measurement range (50002strain or 13000kN) for this application.

KW - fiber-optic sensors

KW - fusion energy

KW - electrical engineering

KW - JET

U2 - 10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470

DO - 10.1109/FUSION.2009.5226470

M3 - Conference contribution book

SN - 9781424426355

T3 - IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering

SP - 1

EP - 4

BT - 2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering

PB - IEEE

CY - New York

T2 - 2009 23rd IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering

Y2 - 1 June 2009 through 5 September 2009

ER -

Measurement of disruption forces in JET using fiber-optic sensors

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