Abstract
Lysogenic induction ends the stable association between a bacteriophage and its host, and the transition to the lytic cycle begins with early prophage excision followed by DNA replication and packaging (ERP). This temporal program is considered universal for P22-like temperate phages, though there is no direct evidence to support the timing and sequence of these events. Here we report that the long-standing ERP program is an observation of the experimentally favored Salmonella phage P22 tsc229 heat-inducible mutant, and that wild-type P22 actually follows the replication-packaging-excision (RPE) program. We find that P22 tsc229 excises early after induction, but P22 delays excision to just before it is detrimental to phage production. This allows P22 to engage in lateral transduction. Thus, at minimal expense to itself, P22 has tuned the timing of excision to balance propagation with lateral transduction, powering the evolution of its host through gene transfer in the interest of self-preservation.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | 6510 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Nature Communications |
Volume | 12 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 8 Nov 2021 |
Funding
This work was supported in part by the Singapore Ministry of Education MOE2017-T2-2-163 and MOE2019-T2-2-162 to J.C.; and by MR/M003876/1, MR/V000772/1 and MR/ S00940X/1 from the Medical Research Council (UK), BB/N002873/1, BB/V002376/1 and BB/S003835/1 from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC, UK), ERC-ADG-2014 Proposal n° 670932 Dut-signal (from EU), to J.R.P; and Wellcome Trust 201531/Z/16/Z to J.R.P.
Keywords
- lysogenic induction
- bacteriophage
- Salmonella phage
- lateral transduction