IP/MPLS and MPLS/TP teleprotection latencies over high voltage power lines

Power utilities dependent on communication networks to deliver critical power services continue to increase. These time-critical networks have evolved to use packet-based technologies such as Internet Protocol Multi-Protocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) and Multi-Protocol Label Switching Transport Protocol (MPLS/TP). Both packet-based technologies are efficient traffic routing protocols for critical applications like teleprotection with challenging low propagation and asymmetrical latency requirements. This paper presents the findings of IP/MPLS and MPLS/TP hitless teleprotection applications over high voltage power lines. The performance of both technologies is compared based on specific network parameters using test equipment. The major results highlighted include base case tests of propagation and symmetrical latencies following latency injections, event response, bit error, path switching, Quality of Service (QoS), and IEC 61850 proof of concept test. While the result demonstrates that IP/MPLS and MPLS/TP - if configured properly - can meet the strictest requirements of teleprotection latencies over high voltage power lines, their performance varied across the hitless technology test metrics. These findings are not only relevant for unravelling deployment decisions between both packet-based technologies in the energy sector but are also useful for the long-term infrastructural planning of power utilities.