Abstract
A number of analytical techniques were applied to investigate changes to the surface of unsized boron-free E-glass fibres after thermal conditioning at temperatures up to 700 °C. Novel systematic studies were carried out to investigate the fundamental strength loss from thermal conditioning. Surface chemical changes studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed a consistent increase in the surface concentration of calcium with increasing conditioning temperature, although this did not correlate well with a loss of fibre strength. Scanning electron microscopy fractography confirmed the difficulty of analysing failure-inducing flaws on individual fibre fracture surfaces. Analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) did not reveal any likely surface cracks or flaws of significant dimensions to cause failure: the observation of cracks before fibre fracture may not be possible when using this technique. Fibre surface roughness increased over the whole range of the conditioning temperatures investigated. Although surface roughness did not correlate precisely with fibre strength, there was a clear inverse relationship at temperatures exceeding 400 °C. The interpretation of the surface topography that formed between 400-700 °C produced evidence that the initial stage of phase separation by spinodal decomposition may have occurred at the fibre surface.
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 7 |
| Number of pages | 20 |
| Journal | Fibers |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Jan 2019 |
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Keywords
- glass fibres
- recycling
- thermal annealing
- surfaces
Cite this
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Investigation of chemical and physical surface changes of thermally conditioned glass fibres. / Jenkins, Peter G; Yang, Liu; Thomason, James L; Chen, Xinyong; Watts, John F; Hinder, Steven J.
In: Fibers, Vol. 7, No. 1, 7, 15.01.2019.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of chemical and physical surface changes of thermally conditioned glass fibres
AU - Jenkins, Peter G
AU - Yang, Liu
AU - Thomason, James L
AU - Chen, Xinyong
AU - Watts, John F
AU - Hinder, Steven J
PY - 2019/1/15
Y1 - 2019/1/15
N2 - A number of analytical techniques were applied to investigate changes to the surface of unsized boron-free E-glass fibres after thermal conditioning at temperatures up to 700 °C. Novel systematic studies were carried out to investigate the fundamental strength loss from thermal conditioning. Surface chemical changes studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed a consistent increase in the surface concentration of calcium with increasing conditioning temperature, although this did not correlate well with a loss of fibre strength. Scanning electron microscopy fractography confirmed the difficulty of analysing failure-inducing flaws on individual fibre fracture surfaces. Analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) did not reveal any likely surface cracks or flaws of significant dimensions to cause failure: the observation of cracks before fibre fracture may not be possible when using this technique. Fibre surface roughness increased over the whole range of the conditioning temperatures investigated. Although surface roughness did not correlate precisely with fibre strength, there was a clear inverse relationship at temperatures exceeding 400 °C. The interpretation of the surface topography that formed between 400-700 °C produced evidence that the initial stage of phase separation by spinodal decomposition may have occurred at the fibre surface.
AB - A number of analytical techniques were applied to investigate changes to the surface of unsized boron-free E-glass fibres after thermal conditioning at temperatures up to 700 °C. Novel systematic studies were carried out to investigate the fundamental strength loss from thermal conditioning. Surface chemical changes studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed a consistent increase in the surface concentration of calcium with increasing conditioning temperature, although this did not correlate well with a loss of fibre strength. Scanning electron microscopy fractography confirmed the difficulty of analysing failure-inducing flaws on individual fibre fracture surfaces. Analysis by atomic force microscopy (AFM) did not reveal any likely surface cracks or flaws of significant dimensions to cause failure: the observation of cracks before fibre fracture may not be possible when using this technique. Fibre surface roughness increased over the whole range of the conditioning temperatures investigated. Although surface roughness did not correlate precisely with fibre strength, there was a clear inverse relationship at temperatures exceeding 400 °C. The interpretation of the surface topography that formed between 400-700 °C produced evidence that the initial stage of phase separation by spinodal decomposition may have occurred at the fibre surface.
KW - glass fibres
KW - recycling
KW - thermal annealing
KW - surfaces
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/7/1/7
U2 - 10.3390/fib7010007
DO - 10.3390/fib7010007
M3 - Article
VL - 7
JO - Fibers
T2 - Fibers
JF - Fibers
SN - 2079-6439
IS - 1
M1 - 7
ER -