Abstract
This paper physically and numerically models the influence of biofilms on heavy metal removal in a gravel filter. Experimental flow columns were constructed to determine the removal of Cu, Pb and Zn by gabbro and dolomite gravel lithologies with and without natural biofilm from sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS). Breakthrough experiments showed that, whilst abiotic gravel filters removed up to 51% of metals, those with biofilms enhanced heavy metal removal by up to a further 29%, with Cu removal illustrating the greatest response to biofilm growth. An advection-diffusion equation successfully modelled metal tracer transport within biofilm columns. This model yielded a permanent loss term (k) for metal tracers of between 0.01 and 1.05, correlating well with measured data from breakthrough experiments. Additional 16S rRNA clone library analysis of the biofilm indicated strong sensitivity of bacterial community composition to the lithology of the filter medium, with gabbro filters displaying Proteobacteria dominance (54%) and dolomite columns showing Cyanobacteria dominance (47%).
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages | 2803-2814 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Environmental Technology |
| Volume | 36 |
| Issue number | 21 |
| Early online date | 8 Jun 2015 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2 Nov 2015 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- advection-diffusion
- biofilm
- gravel filtration
- metals
- SuDS
Cite this
}
Influence of biofilms on heavy metal immobilization in sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS). / Feder, Marnie; Phoenix, Vernon; Haig, Sarah; Sloan, William; Dorea, Caetano; Haynes, Heather.
In: Environmental Technology, Vol. 36, No. 21, 02.11.2015, p. 2803-2814.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of biofilms on heavy metal immobilization in sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS)
AU - Feder, Marnie
AU - Phoenix, Vernon
AU - Haig, Sarah
AU - Sloan, William
AU - Dorea, Caetano
AU - Haynes, Heather
PY - 2015/11/2
Y1 - 2015/11/2
N2 - This paper physically and numerically models the influence of biofilms on heavy metal removal in a gravel filter. Experimental flow columns were constructed to determine the removal of Cu, Pb and Zn by gabbro and dolomite gravel lithologies with and without natural biofilm from sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS). Breakthrough experiments showed that, whilst abiotic gravel filters removed up to 51% of metals, those with biofilms enhanced heavy metal removal by up to a further 29%, with Cu removal illustrating the greatest response to biofilm growth. An advection-diffusion equation successfully modelled metal tracer transport within biofilm columns. This model yielded a permanent loss term (k) for metal tracers of between 0.01 and 1.05, correlating well with measured data from breakthrough experiments. Additional 16S rRNA clone library analysis of the biofilm indicated strong sensitivity of bacterial community composition to the lithology of the filter medium, with gabbro filters displaying Proteobacteria dominance (54%) and dolomite columns showing Cyanobacteria dominance (47%).
AB - This paper physically and numerically models the influence of biofilms on heavy metal removal in a gravel filter. Experimental flow columns were constructed to determine the removal of Cu, Pb and Zn by gabbro and dolomite gravel lithologies with and without natural biofilm from sustainable urban drainage systems (SuDS). Breakthrough experiments showed that, whilst abiotic gravel filters removed up to 51% of metals, those with biofilms enhanced heavy metal removal by up to a further 29%, with Cu removal illustrating the greatest response to biofilm growth. An advection-diffusion equation successfully modelled metal tracer transport within biofilm columns. This model yielded a permanent loss term (k) for metal tracers of between 0.01 and 1.05, correlating well with measured data from breakthrough experiments. Additional 16S rRNA clone library analysis of the biofilm indicated strong sensitivity of bacterial community composition to the lithology of the filter medium, with gabbro filters displaying Proteobacteria dominance (54%) and dolomite columns showing Cyanobacteria dominance (47%).
KW - advection-diffusion
KW - biofilm
KW - gravel filtration
KW - metals
KW - SuDS
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84942372917&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/tent20/current
U2 - 10.1080/09593330.2015.1049214
DO - 10.1080/09593330.2015.1049214
M3 - Article
VL - 36
SP - 2803
EP - 2814
JO - Environmental Technology
T2 - Environmental Technology
JF - Environmental Technology
SN - 0959-3330
IS - 21
ER -