Implementing Industry 4.0 tools for enhancing residential energy management: a case study of Kuwait

The increasing global energy demand is driven by population growth and urbanization. It has led to significant environmental impacts, with residential buildings accounting for a substantial portion of energy consumption and greenhouse gases. Kuwait, in particular, faces pressing challenges in managing its energy supply. This is evidenced by the recent announcement that 500 megawatts of electricity will be purchased from neighboring countries during peak summer months. This review paper aims to bridge the research gap identified through a keyword analysis of selected publications using VOSviewer. The analysis revealed a lack of extensive research on applying Industry 4.0 and Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools for residential energy management (REM) in Kuwait. The analysis highlighted the need for Kuwait to address its energy issues, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and adopt innovative technologies to optimize energy usage. Keeping this in view, this paper explores various industry 4.0 technologies, discusses their implementation, identifies challenges, and proposes actionable recommendations to promote their adoption.