TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of cigarette smoking on cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study
AU - Agudo, Antonio
AU - Bonet, Catalina
AU - Travier, Noémie
AU - González, Carlos A
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
AU - Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Lukanova, Annekatrin
AU - Schütze, Madlen
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Tjonneland, Anne
AU - Halkjaer, Jytte
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Dahm, Christina C
AU - Quirós, J Ramon
AU - Sánchez, María-José
AU - Larrañaga, Nerea
AU - Navarro, Carmen
AU - Ardanaz, Eva
AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee
AU - Wareham, Nicholas J
AU - Key, Timothy J
AU - Allen, Naomi E
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Lagiou, Pagona
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Boshuizen, Hendriek
AU - Büchner, Frederike L
AU - Peeters, Petra H M
AU - Borgquist, Signe
AU - Almquist, Martin
AU - Hallmans, Göran
AU - Johansson, Ingegerd
AU - Gram, Inger T
AU - Lund, Eiliv
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Romieu, Isabelle
AU - Riboli, Elio
PY - 2012/12/20
Y1 - 2012/12/20
N2 - Purpose: Our aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC).Methods: The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AFp), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country.Results: The proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AFp were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC.Conclusion: Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AFp estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark).
AB - Purpose: Our aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC).Methods: The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AFp), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country.Results: The proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AFp were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC.Conclusion: Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AFp estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark).
KW - young adult
KW - smoking
KW - neoplasms
KW - questionnaires
KW - prospective studies
KW - risk factors
KW - humans
KW - adult
KW - europe
KW - adolescent
KW - male
KW - female
UR - http://jco.ascopubs.org/
U2 - 10.1200/JCO.2011.41.0183
DO - 10.1200/JCO.2011.41.0183
M3 - Article
C2 - 23169508
VL - 30
SP - 4550
EP - 4557
JO - Journal of Clinical Oncology
JF - Journal of Clinical Oncology
IS - 36
ER -