Hybrid approaches of assisted heating and cooling for friction stir welding of copper to aluminum joints

Kush P. Mehta; Vishvesh J. Badheka

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.037

Hybrid approaches of assisted heating and cooling for friction stir welding of copper to aluminum joints

Kush P. Mehta^*, Vishvesh J. Badheka

^*Corresponding author for this work

Design, Manufacturing And Engineering Management

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

111 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Heating assisted-friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out at different preheating currents of 40, 80 and 120 amps by applying tungsten inert gas torch ahead of stirring tool while, compressed air and water were brought into the effect behind the stirring tool in case of cooling enhanced FSW. The welded specimens were subsequently assessed by macro-graphs, optical microscopy, tensile and hardness analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization. Minor improvement in tensile strength of weld was reported by heating assisted FSW at low preheating current of 40 amp. Tensile strength of weld was deteriorated as preheating current increased to 80 and 120 amps. Significantly improved tensile strength was reported for weld of cooling enhanced FSW by water. Normal FSW and hybrid FSW were contained intermetallic compounds such as CuAl₂ and Cu₉Al₄. The amount of intermetallic compounds formed in stir zone was increased as preheating current increased. The formation of intermetallic compounds was drastically reduced as cooling effect increased from compressed air to water. Higher hardness of stir zone was reported for both hybrid FSW techniques relative to normal FSW.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	336-345
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Materials Processing Technology
Volume	239
Early online date	8 Sept 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.037
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2017

Funding

The authors wish to thank funding agencies such as Board of Research in Fusion Science and Technology (BRFST), Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Gandhinagar, INDIA and Office of Research and Sponsored Project (ORSP), Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University (PDPU), Gandhinagar, INDIA under project ids: NFP/MAT/A 10/04 and ORSP/R&D/SRP/2014/RDKM respectively. Additionally, the authors want to extend their appreciation to Mr. Aditya Vaghasia and Mr. Yuvraj Gohil as they helped to obtain some of the SEM results.

Keywords

cooling
dissimilar
friction stir welding
heating
hybrid

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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.037

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title = "Hybrid approaches of assisted heating and cooling for friction stir welding of copper to aluminum joints",

abstract = "Heating assisted-friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out at different preheating currents of 40, 80 and 120 amps by applying tungsten inert gas torch ahead of stirring tool while, compressed air and water were brought into the effect behind the stirring tool in case of cooling enhanced FSW. The welded specimens were subsequently assessed by macro-graphs, optical microscopy, tensile and hardness analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization. Minor improvement in tensile strength of weld was reported by heating assisted FSW at low preheating current of 40 amp. Tensile strength of weld was deteriorated as preheating current increased to 80 and 120 amps. Significantly improved tensile strength was reported for weld of cooling enhanced FSW by water. Normal FSW and hybrid FSW were contained intermetallic compounds such as CuAl2 and Cu9Al4. The amount of intermetallic compounds formed in stir zone was increased as preheating current increased. The formation of intermetallic compounds was drastically reduced as cooling effect increased from compressed air to water. Higher hardness of stir zone was reported for both hybrid FSW techniques relative to normal FSW.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.037",

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T1 - Hybrid approaches of assisted heating and cooling for friction stir welding of copper to aluminum joints

AU - Mehta, Kush P.

AU - Badheka, Vishvesh J.

PY - 2017/1/1

Y1 - 2017/1/1

N2 - Heating assisted-friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out at different preheating currents of 40, 80 and 120 amps by applying tungsten inert gas torch ahead of stirring tool while, compressed air and water were brought into the effect behind the stirring tool in case of cooling enhanced FSW. The welded specimens were subsequently assessed by macro-graphs, optical microscopy, tensile and hardness analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization. Minor improvement in tensile strength of weld was reported by heating assisted FSW at low preheating current of 40 amp. Tensile strength of weld was deteriorated as preheating current increased to 80 and 120 amps. Significantly improved tensile strength was reported for weld of cooling enhanced FSW by water. Normal FSW and hybrid FSW were contained intermetallic compounds such as CuAl2 and Cu9Al4. The amount of intermetallic compounds formed in stir zone was increased as preheating current increased. The formation of intermetallic compounds was drastically reduced as cooling effect increased from compressed air to water. Higher hardness of stir zone was reported for both hybrid FSW techniques relative to normal FSW.

AB - Heating assisted-friction stir welding (FSW) was carried out at different preheating currents of 40, 80 and 120 amps by applying tungsten inert gas torch ahead of stirring tool while, compressed air and water were brought into the effect behind the stirring tool in case of cooling enhanced FSW. The welded specimens were subsequently assessed by macro-graphs, optical microscopy, tensile and hardness analysis, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction characterization. Minor improvement in tensile strength of weld was reported by heating assisted FSW at low preheating current of 40 amp. Tensile strength of weld was deteriorated as preheating current increased to 80 and 120 amps. Significantly improved tensile strength was reported for weld of cooling enhanced FSW by water. Normal FSW and hybrid FSW were contained intermetallic compounds such as CuAl2 and Cu9Al4. The amount of intermetallic compounds formed in stir zone was increased as preheating current increased. The formation of intermetallic compounds was drastically reduced as cooling effect increased from compressed air to water. Higher hardness of stir zone was reported for both hybrid FSW techniques relative to normal FSW.

KW - cooling

KW - dissimilar

KW - friction stir welding

KW - heating

KW - hybrid

U2 - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.037

DO - 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.037

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84985940832

SN - 0924-0136

VL - 239

SP - 336

EP - 345

JO - Journal of Materials Processing Technology

JF - Journal of Materials Processing Technology

ER -

Hybrid approaches of assisted heating and cooling for friction stir welding of copper to aluminum joints

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

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