Generator response following as a primary frequency response control strategy for VSC-HVDC connected offshore wind farms

The present study attempts to collect relevant research on the subject of synthetic inertia control strategies for VSC-HVDC transmission links, particularly those connected to offshore windfarms. A number of ideas have been proposed in literature. First, various control strategies at the grid side converter interfacing the DC link with the AC power system are presented. This includes strategies exploiting the power-frequency relationship that naturally exists in AC systems with a high X/R ratio. Other strategies utilize the voltage-frequency relationship that exists when the DC link capacitor is asked to provide active power injection or absorption in response to frequency deviations. Then some coordinated strategies are outlined which build upon and combine other strategies (including those associated with traditional synchronous machines) in order to enhance the operational capability of the decoupled non-synchronous system with respect to synthetic inertia services. Some options for communication are also identified.