From war-in-sight to nearly war: Anglo-French relations in the age of high imperialism, 1875-1898

The 1904 entente has cast a long shadow across the twentieth century. As a political 'myth,' the notion of an entente cordiale between the two longstanding European enemies and overseas rivals France and Britain has overtaken the event itself, in so far as its historical importance is concerned. In this way, the notion of the entente has tended to obscure important aspects of a more complex and ambiguous history of cross-Channel relations. Using a range of British and French diplomatic, naval and private papers, this chapter examines the tensions in Anglo-French relations, caused by balance-of-power considerations in Europe and overseas imperial competition, between the "War-in-Sight" crisis of 1875 and the 1898 Fashoda stand-off.