TY - JOUR
T1 - Femtosecond quantification of void evolution during rapid material failure
AU - Coakley, James
AU - Higginbotham, Andrew
AU - McGonegle, David
AU - Ilavsky, Jan
AU - Swinburne, Thomas D.
AU - Wark, Justin S.
AU - Rahman, Khandaker M.
AU - Vorontsov, Vassili A.
AU - Dye, David
AU - Lane, Thomas J.
AU - Boutet, Sébastien
AU - Koglin, Jason
AU - Robinson, Joseph
AU - Milathianaki, Despina
PY - 2020/12/16
Y1 - 2020/12/16
N2 - Understanding high velocity impact, and the subsequent high strain rate material deformation and potential catastrophic failure, is of critical importance across a range of scientific and engineering disciplines that include astrophysics, materials science and aerospace engineering. The deformation and failure mechanisms are not thoroughly understood, given the challenges of experimentally quantifying material evolution at extremely short time-scales. Here, copper foils are rapidly strained via picosecond laser ablation and probed in situ with femtosecond x-ray free electron (XFEL) pulses. Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) monitors the void distribution evolution while wide angle scattering (WAXS) simultaneously determines the strain evolution. The ability to quantifiably characterize the nanoscale during high strain rate failure with ultrafast-SAXS, complementing WAXS, represents a broadening in the range of science that can be performed with XFEL. It is shown that ultimate failure occurs via void nucleation, growth and coalescence, and the data agree well with molecular dynamics simulations.
AB - Understanding high velocity impact, and the subsequent high strain rate material deformation and potential catastrophic failure, is of critical importance across a range of scientific and engineering disciplines that include astrophysics, materials science and aerospace engineering. The deformation and failure mechanisms are not thoroughly understood, given the challenges of experimentally quantifying material evolution at extremely short time-scales. Here, copper foils are rapidly strained via picosecond laser ablation and probed in situ with femtosecond x-ray free electron (XFEL) pulses. Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) monitors the void distribution evolution while wide angle scattering (WAXS) simultaneously determines the strain evolution. The ability to quantifiably characterize the nanoscale during high strain rate failure with ultrafast-SAXS, complementing WAXS, represents a broadening in the range of science that can be performed with XFEL. It is shown that ultimate failure occurs via void nucleation, growth and coalescence, and the data agree well with molecular dynamics simulations.
KW - material failure
KW - dynamics simulations
KW - high velocity impact
U2 - 10.1126/sciadv.abb4434
DO - 10.1126/sciadv.abb4434
M3 - Article
VL - 6
JO - Science Advances
JF - Science Advances
SN - 2375-2548
IS - 51
M1 - eabb4434
ER -