Fault classification and localization in microgrids: leveraging discrete wavelet transform and multi-machine learning techniques considering single point measurements

Currently, microgrids are becoming more prevalent. Therefore, it is crucial to develop robust and reliable microgrid protection schemes. Researchers have recently explored various approaches to microgrid protection, including adaptive protection and AC microgrid protection. The study offers insights into fault detection and localization in microgrid protection, utilizing precise measurements from the point of common coupling (PCC). It distinguishes between fault occurrences and overload cases, addressing various challenges. Additionally, the analysis explores the role of Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) within the framework of multi-machine learning techniques, shedding light on its application in microgrid protection. Ultimately, the aim is to bolster microgrid resilience and reliability for end-users and stakeholders. The system model being tested has been created using Matlab/Simulink software and is based on a real system. The training and testing of the algorithms are developed and evaluated using MATLAB tools. The accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated in the paper, indicating that it can be used to modernize the current protection apparatus in preparation for the eventual implementation of an advanced microgrid station protection system.