Electronic cigarette exposure triggers neutrophil inflammatory responses

Andrew Higham; Nicholas J. W. Rattray; Jennfier A. Dewhurst; Drupad K. Trivedi; Stephen J. Fowler; Royston Goodacre; Dave Singh

doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0368-x

Electronic cigarette exposure triggers neutrophil inflammatory responses

Andrew Higham, Nicholas J. W. Rattray, Jennfier A. Dewhurst, Drupad K. Trivedi, Stephen J. Fowler, Royston Goodacre, Dave Singh

Strathclyde Institute Of Pharmacy And Biomedical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

87 Citations (Scopus)

21 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background
The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is increasing and there is widespread perception that e-cigs are safe. E-cigs contain harmful chemicals; more research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use. Our aim was to investigate the effects of e-cigs on the inflammatory response of human neutrophils.

Methods
Neutrophils were exposed to e-cig vapour extract (ECVE) and the expression of CD11b and CD66b was measured by flow cytometry and MMP-9 and CXCL8 by ELISA. We also measured the activity of neutrophil elastase (NE) and MMP-9, along with the activation of inflammatory signalling pathways. Finally we analysed the biochemical composition of ECVE by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

Results
ECVE caused an increase in the expression of CD11b and CD66b, and increased the release of MMP-9 and CXCL8. Furthermore, there was an increase in NE and MMP-9 activity and an increase in p38 MAPK activation. We also identified several harmful chemicals in ECVE, including known carcinogens.

Conclusions
ECVE causes a pro-inflammatory response from human neutrophils. This raises concerns over the safety of e-cig use.

Original language	English
Article number	56
Number of pages	11
Journal	Respiratory Research
Volume	17
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-016-0368-x
Publication status	Published - 17 May 2016

Keywords

electronic cigarettes
COPD
inflammation
smoking
neutrophils
MMP-9

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10.1186/s12931-016-0368-xLicence: CC BY 4.0

Higham-etal-RR-2016-Electronic-cigarette-exposure-triggers-neutrophil-inflammatory-responsesFinal published version, 1.02 MBLicence: CC BY 4.0

Nicholas Rattray
- nicholas.rattraystrath.acuk
- Strathclyde Institute Of Pharmacy And Biomedical Sciences - Senior Lecturer
Person: Academic

Cite this

@article{c2fc738b79f94725b2616a8ad5efe632,

title = "Electronic cigarette exposure triggers neutrophil inflammatory responses",

abstract = "BackgroundThe use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is increasing and there is widespread perception that e-cigs are safe. E-cigs contain harmful chemicals; more research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use. Our aim was to investigate the effects of e-cigs on the inflammatory response of human neutrophils.MethodsNeutrophils were exposed to e-cig vapour extract (ECVE) and the expression of CD11b and CD66b was measured by flow cytometry and MMP-9 and CXCL8 by ELISA. We also measured the activity of neutrophil elastase (NE) and MMP-9, along with the activation of inflammatory signalling pathways. Finally we analysed the biochemical composition of ECVE by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.ResultsECVE caused an increase in the expression of CD11b and CD66b, and increased the release of MMP-9 and CXCL8. Furthermore, there was an increase in NE and MMP-9 activity and an increase in p38 MAPK activation. We also identified several harmful chemicals in ECVE, including known carcinogens.ConclusionsECVE causes a pro-inflammatory response from human neutrophils. This raises concerns over the safety of e-cig use.",

keywords = "electronic cigarettes, COPD, inflammation, smoking, neutrophils, MMP-9",

author = "Andrew Higham and Rattray, {Nicholas J. W.} and Dewhurst, {Jennfier A.} and Trivedi, {Drupad K.} and Fowler, {Stephen J.} and Royston Goodacre and Dave Singh",

year = "2016",

month = may,

day = "17",

doi = "10.1186/s12931-016-0368-x",

language = "English",

volume = "17",

journal = "Respiratory Research",

issn = "1465-9921",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Electronic cigarette exposure triggers neutrophil inflammatory responses

AU - Higham, Andrew

AU - Rattray, Nicholas J. W.

AU - Dewhurst, Jennfier A.

AU - Trivedi, Drupad K.

AU - Fowler, Stephen J.

AU - Goodacre, Royston

AU - Singh, Dave

PY - 2016/5/17

Y1 - 2016/5/17

N2 - BackgroundThe use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is increasing and there is widespread perception that e-cigs are safe. E-cigs contain harmful chemicals; more research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use. Our aim was to investigate the effects of e-cigs on the inflammatory response of human neutrophils.MethodsNeutrophils were exposed to e-cig vapour extract (ECVE) and the expression of CD11b and CD66b was measured by flow cytometry and MMP-9 and CXCL8 by ELISA. We also measured the activity of neutrophil elastase (NE) and MMP-9, along with the activation of inflammatory signalling pathways. Finally we analysed the biochemical composition of ECVE by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.ResultsECVE caused an increase in the expression of CD11b and CD66b, and increased the release of MMP-9 and CXCL8. Furthermore, there was an increase in NE and MMP-9 activity and an increase in p38 MAPK activation. We also identified several harmful chemicals in ECVE, including known carcinogens.ConclusionsECVE causes a pro-inflammatory response from human neutrophils. This raises concerns over the safety of e-cig use.

AB - BackgroundThe use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) is increasing and there is widespread perception that e-cigs are safe. E-cigs contain harmful chemicals; more research is needed to evaluate the safety of e-cig use. Our aim was to investigate the effects of e-cigs on the inflammatory response of human neutrophils.MethodsNeutrophils were exposed to e-cig vapour extract (ECVE) and the expression of CD11b and CD66b was measured by flow cytometry and MMP-9 and CXCL8 by ELISA. We also measured the activity of neutrophil elastase (NE) and MMP-9, along with the activation of inflammatory signalling pathways. Finally we analysed the biochemical composition of ECVE by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.ResultsECVE caused an increase in the expression of CD11b and CD66b, and increased the release of MMP-9 and CXCL8. Furthermore, there was an increase in NE and MMP-9 activity and an increase in p38 MAPK activation. We also identified several harmful chemicals in ECVE, including known carcinogens.ConclusionsECVE causes a pro-inflammatory response from human neutrophils. This raises concerns over the safety of e-cig use.

KW - electronic cigarettes

KW - COPD

KW - inflammation

KW - smoking

KW - neutrophils

KW - MMP-9

U2 - 10.1186/s12931-016-0368-x

DO - 10.1186/s12931-016-0368-x

M3 - Article

VL - 17

JO - Respiratory Research

JF - Respiratory Research

SN - 1465-9921

M1 - 56

ER -

Electronic cigarette exposure triggers neutrophil inflammatory responses

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Nicholas Rattray

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