Abstract
Aim: To develop a framework to guide the evaluation of pharmacotherapy services in Scotland and facilitate the adoption of standardised outcome measures within primary care pharmacy services nationally.
Methods
An initial umbrella review and subsequent consensus work (modified nominal group technique) with experienced pharmacists in Scotland facilitated the development of the pharmacotherapy outcomes framework. Building on this, further consensus work (mod-ified nominal group technique) with patients facilitated the testing of the framework in a clinical area of priority (chronic pain), supported by representatives of SP3A. Patients prioritised tool(s) for measuring their pain and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Outcomes/results:
The Scottish pharmacotherapy outcomes framework presents the clinical (e.g. medica-tion related adverse events), humanistic (e.g. health-related quality of life), economic (e.g. cost effectiveness) and service outcomes (e.g. patient experience, medication op-timisation) which can be used to evaluate the pharmacotherapy service (Figure 1).
Given the possibility of using exiting administrative healthcare data to measure the clin-ical, service and economic outcomes, exploring the humanistic domain of the frame-work with patients was useful as a first test of the framework, post-development.
Patients ranked a condition-specific pain tool (Brief Pain Inventory) as the most prefera-ble tool, with a general tool (EQ-5D-5L) being the most favoured HRQoL tool (and in joint 2nd place with another pain-specific tool). Discussions highlighted key areas for consideration related to the importance of the comprehensibility and fundamental con-cepts surrounding the definition of pain and the subjectivity of the language used within the tools.
General comments included the importance of digital accessibility, and although there was 100% consensus for a condition-specific tool, the benefits of a more general HRQoL tool were also acknowledged given the complexity of pain and presence of comorbidities.
Conclusion:
This work demonstrated the clinician-led development of a pharmacotherapy outcomes framework for Scotland, further tested by a sub-group of patients exploring the human-istic domain specifically. The work highlights how the use tools exploring health-treated quality of life, both general and condition-specific, can support the implementation of the framework.
Methods
An initial umbrella review and subsequent consensus work (modified nominal group technique) with experienced pharmacists in Scotland facilitated the development of the pharmacotherapy outcomes framework. Building on this, further consensus work (mod-ified nominal group technique) with patients facilitated the testing of the framework in a clinical area of priority (chronic pain), supported by representatives of SP3A. Patients prioritised tool(s) for measuring their pain and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Outcomes/results:
The Scottish pharmacotherapy outcomes framework presents the clinical (e.g. medica-tion related adverse events), humanistic (e.g. health-related quality of life), economic (e.g. cost effectiveness) and service outcomes (e.g. patient experience, medication op-timisation) which can be used to evaluate the pharmacotherapy service (Figure 1).
Given the possibility of using exiting administrative healthcare data to measure the clin-ical, service and economic outcomes, exploring the humanistic domain of the frame-work with patients was useful as a first test of the framework, post-development.
Patients ranked a condition-specific pain tool (Brief Pain Inventory) as the most prefera-ble tool, with a general tool (EQ-5D-5L) being the most favoured HRQoL tool (and in joint 2nd place with another pain-specific tool). Discussions highlighted key areas for consideration related to the importance of the comprehensibility and fundamental con-cepts surrounding the definition of pain and the subjectivity of the language used within the tools.
General comments included the importance of digital accessibility, and although there was 100% consensus for a condition-specific tool, the benefits of a more general HRQoL tool were also acknowledged given the complexity of pain and presence of comorbidities.
Conclusion:
This work demonstrated the clinician-led development of a pharmacotherapy outcomes framework for Scotland, further tested by a sub-group of patients exploring the human-istic domain specifically. The work highlights how the use tools exploring health-treated quality of life, both general and condition-specific, can support the implementation of the framework.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Number of pages | 1 |
| Publication status | Published - 22 Nov 2024 |
| Event | Scottish Practice Pharmacy & Prescribing Advisers Association Annual Conference - Technology & Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom Duration: 22 Nov 2024 → 22 Nov 2024 |
Conference
| Conference | Scottish Practice Pharmacy & Prescribing Advisers Association Annual Conference |
|---|---|
| Country/Territory | United Kingdom |
| City | Glasgow |
| Period | 22/11/24 → 22/11/24 |
Keywords
- pharmacotherapy services
- primary care
- primary care pharmacy
