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Abstract
Although the well-known Toll like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist CpGODN has shown promising results as vaccine adjuvant in preclinical and clinical studies, its in vivo stability and potential systemic toxicity remain a concern. In an effort to circumvent these issues, different strategies have been employed to increase its stability, localise action and reduce dosage. These include conjugation of CpGODN with proteins or encapsulation/adsorption of CpGODN into/onto liposomes, and have resulted in enhanced immunopotency compared to co-administration of free CpGODN and antigen. Here, we designed a novel delivery system of CpGODN based on its conjugation to serve as anchor for liposomes. Thiol-maleimide chemistry was utilised to covalently ligate the Group B Streptococcus (GBS) GBS67 protein antigen with the CpGODN TLR9 agonist. This treatment did not alter protein's ability to be recognised by specific antibodies or the CpGODN to function as a TLR9 agonist. Due to its negative charge, the protein conjugate readily electrostatically bound cationic liposomes composed of 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), cholesterol and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDA). The novel cationic liposomes-protein conjugate complex (GBS67-CpGODN+L) shared similar vesicle characteristics (size and charge) compared to free liposomes but exhibited different structure and morphology. Following intramuscular immunisation, GBS67-CpGODN+L formed a vaccine depot at the injection site and induced a remarkable increase of functional immune responses against GBS compared to the simple co-administration of GBS67, CpGODN and liposomes. This work demonstrates that the conjugation of CpGODN to GBS67 in conjunction with adsorption on cationic liposomes, can promote co-delivery leading to the induction of a multifaceted immune response at low antigen and CpGODN doses. Our findings highlight the potential for harnessing the immunostimulatory properties of different adjuvants to develop more effective nanostructure-based vaccine platforms.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 125-137 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Journal of Controlled Release |
Volume | 323 |
Early online date | 2 Apr 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 10 Jul 2020 |
Keywords
- TLR9 agonist
- cationic liposomes
- nanoparticles
- conjugation
- vaccines
- group B streptococcus
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Data for: "Design of a novel vaccine nanotechnology-based delivery system comprising CpGODN-protein conjugate anchored to liposomes"
Chatzikleanthous, D. (Creator), Schmidt, S. T. (Creator), Cunliffe, R. (Creator), Woods, S. (Creator), Roberts, C. (Creator) & Perrie, Y. (Creator), University of Strathclyde, 7 Apr 2020
DOI: 10.15129/152a75e6-79d6-4b79-9e0c-d1ead37e894a
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