Abstract
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages | 701-711 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Materials and Design |
| Volume | 87 |
| Early online date | 18 Aug 2015 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Dec 2015 |
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Keywords
- friction stir welding
- flows
- fatigue
- sub-optimal welding conditions
- low alloy steel
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Defect tolerance of friction stir welds in DH36 steel. / Stevenson, Ryan; Toumpis, Athanasios; Galloway, Alexander.
In: Materials and Design, Vol. 87, 12.2015, p. 701-711.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Defect tolerance of friction stir welds in DH36 steel
AU - Stevenson, Ryan
AU - Toumpis, Athanasios
AU - Galloway, Alexander
PY - 2015/12
Y1 - 2015/12
N2 - Friction stir welding of steel is in the early stages of development. The aim to commercialise this process creates a trade-off between welding time, cost and quality of the joint produced. Therefore, it becomes critical to analyse the lower quality bound of steel friction stir welds in conventional square edge butt welding configuration. Work has been undertaken to evaluate the microstructure and fatigue performance of 6 mm thick DH36 steel plates friction stir welded with sub-optimal process conditions, resulting in the development of embedded and surface breaking flaws. The defective weldments were characterised to understand the nature of the flaws and a programme of mechanical testing was undertaken (including fatigue assessment) to determine the relationship between the flaw geometry, location and weld quality. A number of characteristic flaws were identified and seen to interact with the samples’ fatigue fracture mechanisms. Samples with wormholes at the weld root produced the lowest fatigue performance. Fracture from incomplete fusion paths at the retreating side of the welds’ top surface was seen to correspond to the highest recorded fatigue lives. The work provides an insight into the complex nature of characteristic flaws in steel friction stir welds and their interaction with fatigue behaviour.
AB - Friction stir welding of steel is in the early stages of development. The aim to commercialise this process creates a trade-off between welding time, cost and quality of the joint produced. Therefore, it becomes critical to analyse the lower quality bound of steel friction stir welds in conventional square edge butt welding configuration. Work has been undertaken to evaluate the microstructure and fatigue performance of 6 mm thick DH36 steel plates friction stir welded with sub-optimal process conditions, resulting in the development of embedded and surface breaking flaws. The defective weldments were characterised to understand the nature of the flaws and a programme of mechanical testing was undertaken (including fatigue assessment) to determine the relationship between the flaw geometry, location and weld quality. A number of characteristic flaws were identified and seen to interact with the samples’ fatigue fracture mechanisms. Samples with wormholes at the weld root produced the lowest fatigue performance. Fracture from incomplete fusion paths at the retreating side of the welds’ top surface was seen to correspond to the highest recorded fatigue lives. The work provides an insight into the complex nature of characteristic flaws in steel friction stir welds and their interaction with fatigue behaviour.
KW - friction stir welding
KW - flows
KW - fatigue
KW - sub-optimal welding conditions
KW - low alloy steel
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127515303130
U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.08.064
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.08.064
M3 - Article
VL - 87
SP - 701
EP - 711
JO - Materials & Design
T2 - Materials & Design
JF - Materials & Design
SN - 0261-3069
ER -