Cyber security in the maritime industry: a systematic survey of recent advances and future trends

Mohamed Amine Ben Farah, Elochukwu Ukwandu, Hanan Hindy, David Brosset, Miroslav Bures, Ivan Andonovic, Xavier Bellekens*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

62 Citations (Scopus)
151 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The paper presents a classification of cyber attacks within the context of the state of the art in the maritime industry. A systematic categorization of vessel components has been conducted, complemented by an analysis of key services delivered within ports. The vulnerabilities of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have been given particular consideration since it is a critical subcategory of many maritime infrastructures and, consequently, a target for cyber attacks. Recent research confirms that the dramatic proliferation of cyber crimes is fueled by increased levels of integration of new enabling technologies, such as IoT and Big Data. The trend to greater systems integration is, however, compelling, yielding significant business value by facilitating the operation of autonomous vessels, greater exploitation of smart ports, a reduction in the level of manpower and a marked improvement in fuel consumption and efficiency of services. Finally, practical challenges and future research trends have been highlighted.
Original languageEnglish
Article number22
JournalInformation
Volume13
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 6 Jan 2022

Keywords

  • maritime industry
  • cyber-attack
  • autonomous vessel
  • port

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