Conceptual design and operation plan of floating medical wastes treatment facility for archipelagic area: a case study of Maluku and Papua

Indonesia has been facing considerable challenges in medical wastes management. In 2020, the medical wastes reached 294.66 tons/day, but the total capacity of the aggregate wastes treatment facilities nationally was only 224.23 tons/day. Maluku and Papua are Indonesia's largest archipelagic region consisting of four provinces, which are included in the region with the lowest index of medical wastes management as well as the minimum number of medical wastes treatment facilities. The existing wastes treatment in Maluku and Papua does not meet the standards, it is carried out by open-air burning and open dumping. Therefore, the objective of this study is to create the conceptual design and operation plan of floating medical wastes treatment for archipelagic area. By using a multi-port relay operating pattern for each province, the medical wastes transport started from the hub point which was determined by using the centre of gravity method. Considering the number of medical wastes in each province so that the nonlinear programming method was used to determine the most optimum main dimensions of floating facility. The result obtained that the number of floating facilities required was four SPCB-type with costs overall by 63.14 billion IDR/year.