Brain Chip Implants and Superego Functions: The case of China's Social Credit System

This paper explores theoretical dimensions of Brain Chip Implant (BCI) technology and how superego-type ethical and moral compasses can be embedded in its functionalities. A case study of the Social Credit System applied in China serves as context for developing the arguments made. We consider how specific elements of BCI applications, as implemented by Neuralink, can directly affect users’ behaviours. The analysis contextualizes Neuralink’s existing publicly known projects as the most advanced stage of the spectrum of commercial digital technologies, and considers the servitization elements that can be implemented through Neuralink’s BCIs. In the case study, we propose that China’s Social Credit System can be implemented through BCI technology, customized for the state-determined norms and standards, adding an explicit servitization element to this technology. We note that having this technology drive parts of the paradigms in the economy suggest the study of relevant technological economics considerations. Ethical dimensions of such an application are also introduced in the paper, covering human aspects and societal perspectives. This paper contributes to the relatively new emerging literature on applications of BCI and other similar technologies, which are anticipated to be disruptive technologies at the forefront of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0.