Abstract
The hemoglobin content of blood is an important health indicator, and the presence of microscopic amounts of hemoglobin in places where it normally does not occur, e.g. in blood plasma or in urine, is a sign of diseases such as hemolytic anemia or urinary tract infections. Thus, methods to detect and quantify hemoglobin are important for clinical laboratories, blood banks, and for point-of-care diagnostics. The precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide by hemoglobin-catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is used as an assay for hemoglobin quantification relying on the formation of turbidity as a simple optical read-out. Dose-response curves for pure hemoglobin and for hemoglobin in blood plasma, in urine, in erythrocytes, and in full blood are obtained. Turbidity formation increases with the concentration of hemoglobin. Concentrations of hemoglobin as low as 6.45 × 10-3 mg mL-1 in solution, 4.88 × 10-1 mg mL-1 in plasma, and 1.65 × 10-1 mg mL-1 in urine could be detected, which is below the clinically relevant concentrations in the respective body fluids. Total hemoglobin in full blood is also accurately determined. The reaction can be regarded as a polymerization-based signal amplification for the sensing of hemoglobin, as the analyte catalyzes the formation of radicals which add many monomer units into detectable polymer chains. While most established hemoglobin tests involve the use of highly toxic reagents such as potassium cyanide, the polymerization-based test uses simple and stable organic reagents. Thus, it is an environmentally friendlier alternative to established chemical assays for hemoglobin.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1162-1170 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Analytical Chemistry |
| Volume | 92 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Early online date | 2 Dec 2019 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | E-pub ahead of print - 2 Dec 2019 |
Fingerprint
Keywords
- hemoglobin
- ATRP
- biocatalytic ATRP
- polymerization-based amplification
- anemia diagnostic
- biosensing
- precipitation polymerization
Cite this
}
Biocatalytically initiated precipitation atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) as a quantitative method for hemoglobin detection in biological fluids. / Pollard, Jonas; Rifaie-Graham, Omar; Raccio, Samuel; Davey, Annabelle; Balog, Sandor; Bruns, Nico.
In: Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 92, No. 1, 02.12.2019, p. 1162-1170.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Biocatalytically initiated precipitation atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) as a quantitative method for hemoglobin detection in biological fluids
AU - Pollard, Jonas
AU - Rifaie-Graham, Omar
AU - Raccio, Samuel
AU - Davey, Annabelle
AU - Balog, Sandor
AU - Bruns, Nico
PY - 2019/12/2
Y1 - 2019/12/2
N2 - The hemoglobin content of blood is an important health indicator, and the presence of microscopic amounts of hemoglobin in places where it normally does not occur, e.g. in blood plasma or in urine, is a sign of diseases such as hemolytic anemia or urinary tract infections. Thus, methods to detect and quantify hemoglobin are important for clinical laboratories, blood banks, and for point-of-care diagnostics. The precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide by hemoglobin-catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is used as an assay for hemoglobin quantification relying on the formation of turbidity as a simple optical read-out. Dose-response curves for pure hemoglobin and for hemoglobin in blood plasma, in urine, in erythrocytes, and in full blood are obtained. Turbidity formation increases with the concentration of hemoglobin. Concentrations of hemoglobin as low as 6.45 × 10-3 mg mL-1 in solution, 4.88 × 10-1 mg mL-1 in plasma, and 1.65 × 10-1 mg mL-1 in urine could be detected, which is below the clinically relevant concentrations in the respective body fluids. Total hemoglobin in full blood is also accurately determined. The reaction can be regarded as a polymerization-based signal amplification for the sensing of hemoglobin, as the analyte catalyzes the formation of radicals which add many monomer units into detectable polymer chains. While most established hemoglobin tests involve the use of highly toxic reagents such as potassium cyanide, the polymerization-based test uses simple and stable organic reagents. Thus, it is an environmentally friendlier alternative to established chemical assays for hemoglobin.
AB - The hemoglobin content of blood is an important health indicator, and the presence of microscopic amounts of hemoglobin in places where it normally does not occur, e.g. in blood plasma or in urine, is a sign of diseases such as hemolytic anemia or urinary tract infections. Thus, methods to detect and quantify hemoglobin are important for clinical laboratories, blood banks, and for point-of-care diagnostics. The precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide by hemoglobin-catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is used as an assay for hemoglobin quantification relying on the formation of turbidity as a simple optical read-out. Dose-response curves for pure hemoglobin and for hemoglobin in blood plasma, in urine, in erythrocytes, and in full blood are obtained. Turbidity formation increases with the concentration of hemoglobin. Concentrations of hemoglobin as low as 6.45 × 10-3 mg mL-1 in solution, 4.88 × 10-1 mg mL-1 in plasma, and 1.65 × 10-1 mg mL-1 in urine could be detected, which is below the clinically relevant concentrations in the respective body fluids. Total hemoglobin in full blood is also accurately determined. The reaction can be regarded as a polymerization-based signal amplification for the sensing of hemoglobin, as the analyte catalyzes the formation of radicals which add many monomer units into detectable polymer chains. While most established hemoglobin tests involve the use of highly toxic reagents such as potassium cyanide, the polymerization-based test uses simple and stable organic reagents. Thus, it is an environmentally friendlier alternative to established chemical assays for hemoglobin.
KW - hemoglobin
KW - ATRP
KW - biocatalytic ATRP
KW - polymerization-based amplification
KW - anemia diagnostic
KW - biosensing
KW - precipitation polymerization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85077113610&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04290
DO - 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04290
M3 - Article
C2 - 31790204
AN - SCOPUS:85077113610
VL - 92
SP - 1162
EP - 1170
JO - Analytical Chemistry
JF - Analytical Chemistry
SN - 0003-2700
IS - 1
ER -