Adoption of high performance work systems by local subsidiaries of developed country and Turkish MNEs and indigenous firms in Turkey

High performance work systems (HPWS) are seen as important in helping strengthen competitive strategies of multinational enterprises from developed countries (DC MNEs). Commensurate with global competitive pressures and internationalization strategies, emerging country MNEs (EC MNEs) and indigenous firms are also increasingly adopting HPWS. HPWS are not only seen as simply performance enhancing systems, but also as facilitators of internationalization. MNEs represent an important test bed for the HPWS and their applicability in different national contexts. In this paper, we contribute to the extant literature by focusing on HPWS adoption level within domestic subsidiaries of DC MNEs and EC MNEs along with stand alone indigenous firms in a single country setting by keeping the host country environment as constant.