Abrupt turn-on and hysteresis in a VCSEL with frequency-selective optical feedback

Alexander Naumenko; Natalia Loiko; Markus Sondermann; Karl Jentsch; Thorsten  Ackemann

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066

Abrupt turn-on and hysteresis in a VCSEL with frequency-selective optical feedback

Alexander Naumenko, Natalia Loiko, Markus Sondermann, Karl Jentsch, Thorsten Ackemann

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Abstract

The emission characteristics of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operated in a single-transverse mode and coupled to an external cavity with a diffraction grating as a frequency-selective element are analyzed experimentally, numerically and analytically. The experiments yield a rather abrupt turn-on of the VCSEL to a high-amplitude emission state and hysteresis phenomena. The experimental results are explained by numerical simulations and analytical calculations demonstrating the possibility of bistability between lasing and non-lasing states close to threshold. Hence, the scheme might be useful in all-optical photonic switching applications. A detailed bifurcation analysis near threshold is given by superimposing the numerical results with analytical steady-state curves. The mode selection and switching behavior obtained in the simulations can be interpreted from the point of view of the preference of states with the minimal total losses.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	823-833
Number of pages	11
Journal	Optics Communications
Volume	259
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066
Publication status	Published - 15 Mar 2006

Keywords

vcsel
filtered feedback
external cavity
polarization
switching
surface-emitting lasers
cavity semiconductor lasers

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10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066

Naumenko-etal-OC2006-abrupt-turn-on-and-hysteresis-in-a-vcselAccepted author manuscript, 3.71 MB

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title = "Abrupt turn-on and hysteresis in a VCSEL with frequency-selective optical feedback",

abstract = "The emission characteristics of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operated in a single-transverse mode and coupled to an external cavity with a diffraction grating as a frequency-selective element are analyzed experimentally, numerically and analytically. The experiments yield a rather abrupt turn-on of the VCSEL to a high-amplitude emission state and hysteresis phenomena. The experimental results are explained by numerical simulations and analytical calculations demonstrating the possibility of bistability between lasing and non-lasing states close to threshold. Hence, the scheme might be useful in all-optical photonic switching applications. A detailed bifurcation analysis near threshold is given by superimposing the numerical results with analytical steady-state curves. The mode selection and switching behavior obtained in the simulations can be interpreted from the point of view of the preference of states with the minimal total losses.",

keywords = "vcsel, filtered feedback, external cavity, polarization, switching, surface-emitting lasers, cavity semiconductor lasers",

author = "Alexander Naumenko and Natalia Loiko and Markus Sondermann and Karl Jentsch and Thorsten Ackemann",

note = "NOTICE: This is the authors version of a work that was accepted for publication in Optics Communications. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Optics Communications, Vol. 259, No. 2, 15.03.2006, p. 823-833, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066",

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T1 - Abrupt turn-on and hysteresis in a VCSEL with frequency-selective optical feedback

AU - Naumenko, Alexander

AU - Loiko, Natalia

AU - Sondermann, Markus

AU - Jentsch, Karl

AU - Ackemann, Thorsten

N1 - NOTICE: This is the authors version of a work that was accepted for publication in Optics Communications. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Optics Communications, Vol. 259, No. 2, 15.03.2006, p. 823-833, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066

PY - 2006/3/15

Y1 - 2006/3/15

N2 - The emission characteristics of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operated in a single-transverse mode and coupled to an external cavity with a diffraction grating as a frequency-selective element are analyzed experimentally, numerically and analytically. The experiments yield a rather abrupt turn-on of the VCSEL to a high-amplitude emission state and hysteresis phenomena. The experimental results are explained by numerical simulations and analytical calculations demonstrating the possibility of bistability between lasing and non-lasing states close to threshold. Hence, the scheme might be useful in all-optical photonic switching applications. A detailed bifurcation analysis near threshold is given by superimposing the numerical results with analytical steady-state curves. The mode selection and switching behavior obtained in the simulations can be interpreted from the point of view of the preference of states with the minimal total losses.

AB - The emission characteristics of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) operated in a single-transverse mode and coupled to an external cavity with a diffraction grating as a frequency-selective element are analyzed experimentally, numerically and analytically. The experiments yield a rather abrupt turn-on of the VCSEL to a high-amplitude emission state and hysteresis phenomena. The experimental results are explained by numerical simulations and analytical calculations demonstrating the possibility of bistability between lasing and non-lasing states close to threshold. Hence, the scheme might be useful in all-optical photonic switching applications. A detailed bifurcation analysis near threshold is given by superimposing the numerical results with analytical steady-state curves. The mode selection and switching behavior obtained in the simulations can be interpreted from the point of view of the preference of states with the minimal total losses.

KW - vcsel

KW - filtered feedback

KW - external cavity

KW - polarization

KW - switching

KW - surface-emitting lasers

KW - cavity semiconductor lasers

UR - http://www.journals.elsevier.com/optics-communications

U2 - 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066

DO - 10.1016/j.optcom.2005.09.066

M3 - Article

SN - 0030-4018

VL - 259

SP - 823

EP - 833

JO - Optics Communications

JF - Optics Communications

IS - 2

ER -

Abrupt turn-on and hysteresis in a VCSEL with frequency-selective optical feedback

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