A microscale-based model for small-strain stiffness in unsaturated granular geomaterials

Arianna Gea Pagano, Alessandro Tarantino, Vanessa Magnanimo

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Citations (Scopus)
66 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Stiffness at very small strains G 0 is commonly assessed by way of laboratory and field methods, and used to design a wide range of infrastructure. When stiffness is inferred from field measurements, its value depends on the soil suction and state of saturation at the time of the measurement, and models are needed to infer G 0 at varying suction and degree of saturation. When stiffness is measured on saturated specimens in the laboratory, models are needed to extrapolate the laboratory saturated' stiffness to the field unsaturated' stiffness. This paper presents an experimental investigation of G 0 of unsaturated sand using the hanging water column method and the bender element technique. Experimental results revealed that wave propagation velocity and, hence, stiffness is not controlled by the product suction times the degree of saturation'. A microscale-based model was formulated to interpret the experimental results, and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying different patterns of G 0 in unsaturated materials observed in the literature. According to the proposed model, the evolution of G 0 is controlled by the evolution of the suction/degree of saturation-induced intergranular stress during drying-wetting cycles. The breadth of the water retention curve and the magnitude of the intergranular stress due to the presence of the menisci were found to be responsible for the different patterns of G 0.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)687-700
Number of pages14
JournalGéotechnique
Volume69
Issue number8
Early online date12 Jul 2019
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 31 Aug 2019

Keywords

  • stiffness
  • bender elements
  • unsaturated geomaterials
  • suction
  • degree of saturation

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