9 W average power, 150 kHz repetition rate diamond Raman laser at 1519 nm, pumped by a Yb fibre amplifier

Commercially available pulsed fibre lasers at ~1.5 μm have many uses in imaging, defense, communications and light radar (LIDAR) [1]. For 3D scanning LIDAR, higher signal-to-noise ratio requires lasers with high average power and high pulse repetition rate (ideally several MHz) for faster scanning rate, whereas to improve distance resolution requires pulse durations <10 ns [2,3]. One limitation of the pulsed fibre lasers at ~1.5 μm is scaling to high average powers [4]. Raman frequency conversion of high average power fibre master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) systems at ~1 μm is a potential alternative. The large Raman shift and Raman gain of diamond allows two-stage Raman conversion to ~1.5 μm for ~1 μm pumping [5]. Excellent thermal properties make diamond suitable for high average powers [6]. Much work has been done on conversion of 1.064 μm lasers to 1.485 μm using diamond [7]; however, the “eye-safety” requirements for LIDAR typically call for wavelengths above 1.5 μm, due to the order of magnitude higher Maximum Permissible Exposure limit [8]. Developing such a diamond Raman laser (DRL) was the major motivation for this research.